高海拔地区居民高血压患病及影响因素分析
Prevalence and relevant factors of hypertension among residents in high altitude areas
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摘要: 目的 了解高海拔地区居民血压水平及高血压患病率,探讨高海拔地区原发性高血压的影响因素.方法 采用整群随机抽样方法,对青海省格尔木市海拔>3000 m地区的≥18岁居民进行血压测量及相关因素调查.结果 调查≥18岁居民7350人,检出高血压患者1903例,患病率25.89%,其中新检出高血压患者1611例,占84.66%.在确诊患有高血压患者中,明确知道自己患病292例,占总患病例数15.34%(知晓率);其中近2周内服降压药者181例,占总患病例数9.53%(治疗率);通过治疗目前血压控制在140/90 mmHg者55例,仅占总患病例数2.87%(控制率);高血压患病率随年龄增加而明显升高(P<0.01);高海拔地区居民高血压患病率的影响因素主要是钠盐摄入量过多和高血压家族史,其次为过量饮酒和超重肥胖(P<0.01或P<0.05).结论 高原地区原发性高血压患病率高于全国平均水平,与高海拔地区环境影响、饮食结构与习惯有明显关系.Abstract: Objective To know the status of blood pressure and risk factors of hypertension in residents of high alti-tude areas.Methods The survey was performed in 7350 adult residents living in the areas with altitudes more than 3000 meters.Blood pressure of the residents wasmeasured.There latde risk factors were investigated with the uniform question-naire.Results The prevalence of hypertension was 25.89%.There was a difference in hypertention prevalence between residents of high-altitude areas and the national average(P<0.05).The main risk factors ware excessive sodium,family history of hypertension,excessive alcohol drinking and overweight or obesity.Conclusion The hypertention prevalence in residents of high altitude areas is higher than the national average level and correlative with life style of the residents.
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