Abstract: Objective To compare the temperament characteristics of simple obese and normal pre-school children.Methods The parents of the children at 3 to 7 years old were surveyed with a temperament questionnaire and the temperament characteristics of the children was analyzed.Results There was a significant difference in temperament types between simple obese children and normal weight children.At the level of temperament dimension,the activity level,the reaction intensity,and the persistent level of slightly obese boys were different from that of normal weight boys.The rhythmicity and the threshold of response of moderately obese boys were different from that of normal weight boys.Conclusion A significant relationship was observed between simple obesity and temperament in pre-school children.Parents should educate their children with simple obesity according to the temperament type of the child.