Abstract: ObjectiveTo study the prevalence and risk factors of hypertension among residents in Taiyi mountainous rural area.MethodsThe survey was done in 2008.Totally 8 797 subjects were selected in 15 counties with stratified multistage cluster sampling.Questionnare survey,physical examination and measurement of blood pressure were conducted in the subjects.Logistic regression was adopted in the analysis.ResultsThe prevalence,awareness,treatment and control rates of hypertension in the subjects were 18.8%,32.2%,19.6%,and 5.2%,respectively.The single and multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that exercise,eating meat frequently were protective factors of hypertension with the odds ratios (ORs)of 0.860,0.777,respectively;age,overweight and obesity,alcohol use,high salt diet,family history of hypertention or stroke were the main risk factors for hypertension with ORs of 1.751,1.445,1.470,1.234,1.483,1.914,and 1.420,respectively.ConclusionThe prevalence of hypertension is high,while the rates of awareness,treatment and control are low among the rural residents of Shandong province.Health education,blood pressure screening,management and control of hypertension should be strengthened among the population.