Abstract: Objective To measure the quality of life and evaluate the effect of different social factors on quality of life among rural residents in Nanchang city,Jiangxi province.Methods Stratified cluster multistage sampling was taken.Totally 2000 residents were a ssigned to fill in the questionnaire designed by WHO.Results The total score of quality of life in the residents was 73.47.The scores of physiological,psychological,social,and environmental dmiension were 24.57,20.21,13.44,and 11.85,respectively.In multivariate analysis,higher education was positively associated with the scores of quality of life; while elder age,divorce,and eating regularly less than three days in a week were negatively a ssociated with the scores of quality of life.Conclusion The quality of life of rural residents in Nanchang city is in low level.Age,educational level,marital status,dietary pattern are very important influencing factors on the quality of life.