Abstract: Objective To determine the impact of hypertension,diabetes,and their combination on health-related quality of life(HRQOL) among Chinese rural residents.Methods Stratified cluster sampling method was used to draw 9871 rural residents aged 35 years or above in Yiling district,Yichang city,Hube iprovince.The subjectsans were dquestionnaires (including Dartmouth Coop Functional Health Assessment/World Organization of National College,Academies and Academic Association of General Practitioners COOP/WONKA charts) and received physical examination including blood glucose and blood pressure.Logistic regression model was used to analyze the effect of disease conditions on HRQOL.Results Hypertension increased the risk of sub optmial physical fitness(odds ratio OR=1.11) and social activity (OR=1.23).Diabetes increased the risk of sub optmial daily activity (OR=1.80).The concomitant of hypertension and diabetes increased the risk of sub-optmial daily activity (OR=1.57) and overall health(OR=1.46).Conclusion The impact of hypertension and diabetes on HRQOL among Chinese rural population presents in different dmiensions.However,the concomitant of hypertension and diabetes has more impact on overall health.