Abstract: Objective To explore the prevalence of acute respiratory tract infection in residents of Shenzhen and Zhengzhou city in different pandemic stages and the knowledge,attitude and practice of influenza A (H1N1).Methods The telephone survey with periodical-probability proportion to size sampling was conducted.Results The rates of acute respiratory infection in the participants and their families were 10.1% and 6.1% in Shenzhen and 5.6% and 3.0% in Zhengzhou.There were 10.9% and 9.2% of participants reporting ordinary flu and influenza A vaccination in Shenzhen and the rates were lower than those of in Zhengzhou.There were 62.2% of participants knowing the free vaccine strategy of influenza A(H1N1) in Shenzhen and 67.5% in Zhengzhou.Conclusion The prevalences of acute respiratory infection and influenza A(H1N1) vaccinatian were higher in residents of Shenzhen city compared to those of Zhengzhou and the health education on influeaza A is needed for the residents of the two cities.