Abstract: Objective To understand the risk factors of hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD) and to analyze the features of severe cases in Baoshan district.Methods A questionnaire survey was used to obtain information in the case-control study and conditional logistic regression model was used in univariate and multivariate analyses.Results The results of univariate analysis showed that household,premature delivery,poor health status,ventilated circumstance,residence environment,history of contacting with HFMD patients,the score of the parents getting HFMD prevention knowledge,and washing hands before dining were related to HFMD with the odds ratio(OR) values of 1.564,2.019,1.995,1.987,2.545,1.986,3.019,and 0.757,respectively.The results of multivariate analyses showed that premature delivery,poor health status,poor residence environment,and history of contacting with HFMD patient were significantly related to HFMD with the OR values of 2.550,1.243,2.907,and 2.332,respectively.Conclusion Premature delivery,poor health status,poor residence environment,and history of contacting with HFMD patient may be risk factors of HFMD.Type of virus EV71 infection,young children,floating population,poor ventilation and lighting of residence,and long time from the onset of the diease to seeing a doctor are risk factors of severe HFMD.