Abstract: Objective To assess the association between the single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP45) of adiponectin gene and type 2 diabetes and risk factors of type 2 diabetes in Han people in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Region,Sichuan province.Methods A case-control study was conducted and PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP) technique was used to analyze single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP45) among 153 cases and 158 controls,meanwhile physical and blood tests were carried out.Results The genotypes of TT,TG and GG of SNP45 accounted for 57.52%,35.29%,and 7.19% in the cases and 55.70%,39.24%,and 5.06% in the controls,respectively.The frequencies of T and G allele were 75.16% and 24.84% in the cases and 75.32% and 24.68% in the controls.There were no significant differences in the distribution of TT,TG,and GG genotype and T/G allele frequency of adiponectin gene between cases and controls.Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that body mass index(BMI) and family history of diabetes were associated with type 2 diabetes in Han people in Liangshan.Conclusion Association between SNP45 of adiponectin gene and type 2 diabetes is uncertain in Han people in Liangshan.