Abstract: Objective To investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors of metabolic syndrome(MS) among occupational populations of Ningxia.Methods The workers taking routine health check-up were recruited for a questionnaire survey,physical examination,and laboratory test.MS cases were identified according to the definition of China Diabetes Society(CDS).Results The crude prevalence rate of MS was 17.2%,with an age-adjusted prevalence rates of 10.7%.The rate of MS increased with the increment of age(P < 0.01) and the prevalence rate of the male(25.2%) was obviously higher than that of the female(15.6%)(P < 0.01).The prevalence rate of MS in the Han nationality(17.5%) was higher than that in the Hui(14.9%)(P < 0.05) and the prevalence rate in the married(18.6%) was higher than that in unmarried(5.2%)(P < 0.01).The prevalence rate in the cadres(18.6%) was higher than that in workers(15.2%)(P <0.05).The rate of MS increased with increments of body mass index(BMI) and waist circumference(WC)(P <0.01).The analyses of multivariate logistic regression showed that the risk factors of MS were male,fifty years old,alcohol drinking,obesity,high systolic blood pressure,high diastolic blood pressure,high triglyceride,high fasting plasma glucose,high uric acid,high white blood cell,and high levels of aspartate aminotransferase and alunine aminotransferase and the protective factors were education and high content of high-density lipoprotein.Conclusion There is a high prevalence rate of MS among Ningxia occupational populations and metabolic syndrome is the common result of a variety of risk factors.