Abstract: Objective To explore antitumor effects of liposomes containing cerebrosides and phosphatidylcholine separated from Asterias rollestoni in vitro and in vivo.Methods Phosphatidylcholine and cerebrosides separated from Asterias rollestoni were used to prepare unilayer liposomes in vitro.3-(4,5 dimethylthiazol-2-yl) 2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide(MTT) assay was used to measure the inhibitory effect in S180 cells in vivo.The liposomes were given to the transplanted S180-bearing mice.The tumor weight,spleen index,thymus index,and the changes of body weight of the mice were detected.Results In vitro,the liposomes showed prominent inhibitory effect on the growth of S180 cells with the fifty-percent inhibitory concentration(IC50) of 199.89 μg/mL,148.95 μg/mL,and 126.65 μg/mL,respectively,after 24 hr,48 hr and 72 hr.in vivo,the liposomes obviously inhibited the growth of tumor in S180-bearing mice and the tumor inhibition rate was 72.6%.Furthermore,the thymus index and spleen index increased and the weight loss of S180-bearing mice attenuated in the mice treated with liposomes.Conclusion The liposomes containing cerebrosides and phosphatidylcholine separated from Asterias rollestoni have significant antitumor effect in vitro and in vivo.