Abstract: ObjectiveTo examine prophylactic use of antibacterials in perioperative period in a hospital and to analyze the effect of systemic intervention on rational use of antibacterials.MethodsTotally 224 medical records in 2010 before the intervention and 224 in 2012 after the intervention were collected in a hospital and comparative analyses were made for the time pre-and post-intervention on antibacterials use in perioperative period.Results The rate of the prophylactic antibacterials,antibacterial use density,proportion of antibacterial drug cost for total of medicine cost and hospital cost,and the average days of antibacterials use after the intervention were lower than those before the intervention.The average time of application of antibacterials type Ⅰ and Ⅱ incisions was reduced,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The rational prophylactic use of antibacterials in perioperative period was markedly improved.ConclusionSystemic intervention in a hospital results in positive effect on the prophylactic use of antibacterials in perioperative period,but there is still irrational drug use.