Abstract: Objective To assess the correlation between single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)of microRNA(miRNA)target site and the gentic susceptibility of gastric cancer. Methods A 1:1 matched case-control study was adopted in this study.Genotyping was carried out among the subjects.Conditional logistic regression model and multifactor-dimensionality reduction(MDR)method were used to analyze the correlation between SNP of interleukin-1 factor 5(IL-1F5)and genetic susceptibility of gastric cancer.The gene-environment interaction was also analyzed. Results GC genotype in rs2472188 locus(odds ratio OR=1.50,95% confidence interval 95%CI=1.13-1.99)and CT genotype in rs2515401 locus(OR=1.42,95%CI=1.09-1.86)were susceptible genotypes for gastric cancer.Haplotype analysis showed that haplotype 1(CCGCA)(OR=2.08,95%CI=1.27-3.40,haplotype 4(CTATA)(OR=1.98,95%CI=1.48-2.66)and haplotype 5(CTATC)(OR=10.13,95%CI=4.43-23.16)increased the risk of occurrence of gastric cancer,whereas haplotype 2(CTACA)(OR=0.18,95%CI=0.12-0.28),haplotype 3(CTACC)(OR=0.37,95%CI=0.23-0.59)and haplotype 9(GCGTC)(OR=0.39,95%CI=0.27-0.58)decreased the risk. Conclusion Genotypes of GC in rs2472188 locus and CT in rs2515401 locus may be susceptible genotypes for gastric cancer.Combined effects of multigene alleles and multi-locus genotype may have a synergistic effect in the carcinogenesis of gastric cancer.