Abstract: Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of main non-communicable chronic diseases in adult residents of Dingyuan county in Anhui province,and to provide scientific basis for making prevention and control strategies of chronic diseases.Methods Totally 6 359 adult residents in Dingyuan county were selected with multi-stage sampling and questionnaire survey and physical measurements were implemented in the adults.Results The age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension,diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia were 17.11%,2.69%,and 1.56%,respectively,and the prevalences in male adults were 17.99%,2.49%,and 1.76%and those in female adults were 16.27%,2.86%,and 1.35%,respectively.The prevalences of the diseases were significantly increased with age (P<0.01).The differences in the prevalences of the diseases between male and female were not statistically significant (P>0.05),but there were statistically significant differences in the prevalences of the diseases among adult residents in different regions (town and rural area),with different physical status (obesity and non-obesity),and different marriage status(all P<0.01).The Results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of the diseases were age (odds ratio_hypertension=1.080,OR_diabetes=1.018)and high body mass index(BMI)(OR_hypertension=1.206,OR_diabetes=1.080,OR_dyslipidemia=1.214).However,high labor intensity (OR_hypertension=0.873,OR_diabetes=0.644,OR_dyslipidemia=0.582)was a protective factor.In addition,there existed certain interactions among these three chronic diseases.Conclusion Hypertension,diabetes mellitus,and dyslipidemia were main health problems among adult residents of Dingyuan county and the corresponding prevention and treatment strategies should be taken based on related influencing factors of the diseases.