Abstract: Objective To analyze survival rate of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(HIV/AIDS)patients in Nanning city of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region(Guangxi).Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted to analyze the survival time and its related factors among 5155 HIV/AIDS cases after diagnosis during 1999-2004 in Nanning city.Kaplan-Meier method was applied to describe the survival distribution and life table was performed to calculate the survival proportion.Cox proportional hazard model was used to identify the factors associated with the survival.Results The overall mortality was 11.58/1000 person-months.The average survival time was 114.42 months(95%confidence interval95%CI=106.75-122.09)with a 15-year survival rate of 55.01%by the end of the observation.Among the 5155 AIDS cases,1533(29.74%) were diagnosed as HIV-positive at the ages of 60 years or above and 1502 died during the observation period,of which 806(53.66%)died within 6 months after the diagnosis of HIV/AIDS.The results of multivariate Cox regression analyses showed that gender(hazard risk(HR)=0.741,P<0.001),age at HIV infection(HR=1.111,P<0.001),transmission route(HR=0.692,P=0.037),and anti-retroviral therapy (ART)(HR=0.062,P<0.001)were influential factors of the survival rate.Conclusion There were many aged and delayed-diagnosed HIV/AIDS patients Nanning city.Timely ART was an effective approach to prolong the survival of AIDS patients.