Abstract: Objective To examine the incidence and mortality of leukemia among residents in Pudong New Area of Shanghai from 2002 to 2012.Methods The data on incidents and deaths of leukemia among residents in Pudong New Area of Shanghai from 2002 to 2012 were extracted from Shanghai Cancer Registry System and Records of Vital Statistics;then the incidence and mortality,as well as the age standardized rate (ASR) of leukemia were calculated and analyzed.Results The annual incidence rate and ASR of leukemia incidence were 6.25/100 000 and 4.78/100 000 in 2002 and 7.68/100 000 and 5.46/100 000 in 2012;the annual mortality rate and ASR of leukemia mortality were 4.46/100 000 and 3.20/100 000 in 2002 and 6.54/100 000 and 3.75/100 000 in 2012.Both the incidence and mortality of leukemia demonstrated an increasing trend during the period and reached their peaks in 2011 (8.84/100 000 and 6.86/100 000).The highest incidence rate and mortality rate of leukemia (25.87/100 000 and 22.63/100 000) were observed among the residents aged over 65 years.The incidence rate and mortality rate of myeloid leukemia (3.82/100 000 and 2.54/100 000) were higher than those of other types of leukemia (all≤ 1.60/100 000).Conclusion The incidence and mortality of leukemia showed an uptrend among the residents in Pudong New Area of Shanghai,with higher incidence and mortality among elder residents and higher incidence and mortality of myeloid leukemia.