Abstract: Objective To examine psychological cognition about hypertension related knowledge among hypertension patients in Nanle county of Henan province and to provide evidences for hypertension treatment and prevention.Methods Totally 960 hypertension patients visiting outpatient clinic of Nanle People's Hospital,attending free clinic service in rural areas provided by the hospital,and hospitalized in the hospital were enrolled for a face-to-face questionnaire survey between July 2014 and June 2015.Results Among the patients,the rate of awareness,treatment,and control of hypertension were 50.11%,38.96%,and 9.89%,respectively.Of the patients,70.9%,59.6%,75.2%,and 53.2% showed ignorance,carelessness,fantasy,and overly concerned attitude towards their hypertensive condition.The rate of hypertension awareness and treatment differed significantly among the patients with different attitude towards their hypertensive condition (all P<0.05);but no significant difference in hypertension control rate was observed among the patients with different attitude (all P>0.05 or P>0.01).Conclusion The rate of awareness,treatment,and control of hypertension were low among hypertension patients in Nanle county,especially among the patients in rural areas,and the lack of psychological cognition about hypertension may contribute to the low rates.