Abstract: Objective To analyze epidemiological characteristics and control effect of syphilis in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Guangxi) and to provide a basis for developing efficient preventive strategies.Methods Data on syphilis epidemic in Guangxi from 2004 to 2014 were collected and analyzed using Excel 2003.Results Totally 268 040 syphilis cases (including primary,secondary,tertiary stage syphilis and congenital syphilis) were reported in all administrative regions of Guangxi during the 11-year period and the annual incidents of syphilis showed a increasing trend from 2004 to 2011,with the highest annual incidence rate of 26.83/100 000 in 2011.The highest age-specific incidence rate of 14.94/100 000 was observed among both the men and the women at the age of 25-34 years.More than a half (50.67%) of the reported syphilis cases were farmer.Among the five municipalities with higher syphilis incidence rate,three are port cities.After implementation of intervention measures in 2012,the standardized diagnosis and treatment of syphilis were promoted and the incidence rate of syphilis decreased yearly,with the lowest annual incidence rate of 5.31/100 000 in 2014.Conclusion Although the increasing trend of syphilis incidence was controlled from 2012,surveillance and standardized diagnosis and treatment of syphilis still need to be reinforced in Guangxi.