Objective   To study outdoor air pollution, housing environment, parental factors, and respiratory health conditions in Benxi city's children and to examine associations between respiratory health outcomes and multiple risk factors.Methods A polpulation of 2 263 children from three areas with different degree air pollution were studied in Benxi city, whose parents answered a questionnaire on their children's respiratory health and home environment.

  Results   The prevalence of persistent cough, persistent phlegm, asthma, current asthma, wheeze and wheeze symptom were 11.89%, 5.44%, 1.15%, 0.62%, 6.98% and 5.83% respectively.Rrespiratory increased in association with the home being adjacent traffic.Outdoor air pollution was a risk factor for respiratory morbidity outcome of children, especially for prevalence of wheeze.Exposure to family history of asthma, family history of hypersensitivity and personal history of hypersensitivity were associated with higher reporting of respiratory morbidity.The prevalence of respiratory disease in children was heighten with shortening of distance to mainline of communication.Combining roles of sensitive factor and outdoor air polution, was stronger, the prevalence rates of respiratory diseases in sensitive children that affection of other risk factors were higher, the prevalence rates of respiratory diseases in non sensitive children that affection of free other factors were lower, this difference was extraordinar y significant and very obvious.

  Conclusion   Outdoor air pollution was important determinants of children's respir atory health in Benxi city.