Abstract: A follow-up study was conducted in 158 high risk subjects who were once α-fetoprotein(AFP) positive with low concentration from Sept.1995 to Oct.1996 in Qidong endemic area.The baseline of risk factors,epidemiologic data and follow-up results were used to fit the logistic regression model.The results showed that serum concentration of AFP,α-L-fucosidase(AFU),γ-glutamyl transpeptidase(γ-GT),alkaline phosphatase(AKP) and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase(ALT),history of chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis,and family history of HCC were significantly related with the early development of HCC.Among these factors,the affection of AFP was strongest,the next was AFU,γ-GT and history of chronic hepatitis.After controling the affection of age,the variables that enter the multipal logistic regression model were AFP,AFU,γ-GT and history of chronic hepatitis and family histroy of HCC.It was indicated that the risk of HCC development would significantly increase in those high risk subjects(30~59 years old,male HBsAg carrier)when the occurrence of these factors above.