Objective To explore the association between total and differential count of leucocytes with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among physical examinees in Beijing and to provide a theoretical basis for early diagnosis and prevention of T2DM.
Methods We recruited a total of 16 855 health examinees at Beijing Physical Examination Center from January through December 2016 with purpose sampling and assigned them into a T2DM and non-T2DM group according to the diagnosis criteria of T2DM. We performed unconditional multivariate logistic regression to assess the influence of total and differential count of leucocytes on risk of T2DM.
Results Higher average counts were detected in T2DM group than in non-T2DM group for total leucocytes (6.91 × 109/L vs. 6.14 × 109/L), neutrophils (4.13 × 109/L vs. 3.50 × 109/L), lymphocytes (2.18 × 109/L vs. 2.09 × 109/L), monocytes (0.37 × 109/L vs. 0.33 × 109/L), eosnophils (0.13 × 109/L vs. 0.10 × 109/L), and basophils (0.03 × 109/L vs. 0.02 × 109/L) (P < 0.05 for all). After adjusting for age, waist circumference, total cholesterol, smoking, alcohol consumption, and hypertension, the results of unconditional multivariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that risk factors of T2DM included a total leucocyte count of 5.50 × 109/L – 6.39 × 109/L and greater than 7.49 × 109/L and a neutrophil count greater than 2.96 × 109/L for the male participants; while a total leucocyte count greater than 5.10 × 109/L, neutrophil count greater than 2.74 × 109/L, lymphocyte count greater than 2.39 × 109/L, monocyte count greater than 0.37 × 109/L, and eosnophil count greater than 0.14 × 109/L were risk factors of T2DM for the female participants.
Conclusion Blood leucocyte and neutrophil count associate with the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus and the associations of lymphocyte, monocyte, and eosinophil count with type 2 diabetes mellitus risk are gender specific among adult health examinees.
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