Objective To evaluate the effect of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) inoculation on incidents of respiratory diseases among community residents aged≥60 years in Zhabei district of Shanghai city and to provide references for reducing pneumococcal pneumonia incidence in the elderly.
Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study among 3 600 residents randomly recruited from 9 communities in Zhabei district of Shanghai city in 2014. We carried out quarterly follow-ups continuously for 3 years to collected information on occurrences of pneumonia, bronchitis, and upper respiratory infection among the participants and compared incidences of the diseases among the participants with and without PPV23 inoculation.
Results The participants with PPV23 inoculation had significantly lower incidence density (0.62/100 vs. 1.29/100 person-years) and risk (relative risk RR = 0.477, 95% confidence interval 95% CI: 0.305 – 0.734; P < 0.001) of pneumonia compared to those without PPV23 inoculation; the protective rate of PPV23 inoculation against pneumonia was 52.3%. In comparison to those among the participants not having PPV23 inoculation, significantly lower incidence density (4.95/100 vs. 6.66/100 person-years) and risk (RR = 0.742, 95% CI: 0.630 – 0.873; P < 0.001) of upper respiratory infections were observed among the participants having PPV23 inoculation; the protective rate of PPV23 inoculation against upper respiratory infections was 25.8%. The incidence density of pneumonia and upper respiratory infections were significantly lower among the 60 – 69 years old participants with PPV23 inoculation than those without PPV23 inoculation (P < 0.05); for the participants aged≥80 years, the incidence density of upper respiratory infections was significantly lower among the inoculated with PPV23 than those uninoculated (P < 0.05).
Conclusion Inoculation of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine has protective effect against pneumonia and upper respiratory infections among community elderly people.
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