Objective To investigate protective effect of notoginsenoside Rg1 (NRg1) on renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (RIRI) in rats and its regulative effect on oxidative stress level and Th1/Th2 cytokines in peripheral blood.
Methods Sixty healthy male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a sham-operated group, a model group and three NRg1 groups with 2.5, 5.0, 10.0 mg/kg gastric gavage (12 rats in each group). All the rats were sacrificed 24 hous after the establishment of RIRI model. The contents of urine protein, serum creatinine and urea nitrogen were measured. Pathological damage and apoptosis of renal tissues were detected with hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and terminal dexynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining, respectively. The contents of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) were detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expressions of B-cell cll/lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), associated X protein (Bax), nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf2), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and NAD(P)H:quinone acceptor oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) were detected with Western blot. The contents of Th1 (inducible nitric oxide synthase positive, iNOS+) and Th2 (interleukin 10 positive, IL-10+) cytokines in peripheral blood were detected with flow cytometry.
Results Compared with the model group, the rats with treatment of 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 mg/kg NRg1 exhibited significantly decreased urinary protein (34.1 ± 6.3, 25.2 ± 4.5 and 11.7 ± 3.4 mg/24 hours), serum creatinine (1.04 ± 0.15, 0.84 ± 0.09 and 0.62 ± 0.12 mg/dL), urea nitrogen (28.6 ± 4.6, 19.4 ± 3.4 and 15.2 ± 3.2 mg/dL), renal cell apoptosis rate (43.6 ± 7.5%, 32.4 ± 8.1% and 11.7 ± 6.3%), Bcl-2 protein expression (0.12 ± 0.03, 0.07 ± 0.02 and 0.04 ± 0.01), and Th1 of iNOS+ (9.13 ± 1.05 %, 5.26 ± 0.84% and 2.63 ± 0.61%), but increased Bax protein (0.06 ± 0.03, 0.09 ± 0.04 and 0.16 ± 0.04), GSH-Px (55.29 ± 9.31, 80.14 ± 11.58 and 106.41 ± 14.16 U/mL), SOD (0.71 ± 0.13, 1.26 ± 0.15 and 1.50 ± 0.23 U/mL), Nrf2 (0.04 ± 0.03, 0.10 ± 0.04 and 0.18 ± 0.05), GST (0.07 ± 0.02, 0.14 ± 0.03 and 0.22 ± 0.06), GST (0.07 ± 0.02, 0.14 ± 0.03 and 0.22 ± 0.06), NQO1 (0.04 ± 0.02, 0.09 ± 0.04 and 0.14 ± 0.05), and Th2 of IL-10+ (0.92 ± 0.34%, 2.93 ± 0.57 and 4.41 ± 0.62%), respectively (all P < 0.01).
Conclusion NRg1 can ameliorate renal ischemia-reperfusion injury by reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory injury in rats.
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