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2002 Vol. 18, No. 8

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Study of Fluoride on Kidney Cell Apoptosis in Rat
XIA Tao, YU Ri-an, RAN Peng
2002, 18(8): 897-898. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-01
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Objective To study effects of fluride on apoptosis of kidney cells of rats.Methods Wistar rats were provided with distilled water containing NaF(50mg/L)for six months.Kidney cell apoptosis were detected by TUNEL(TdT-mediated dUTP Nick End Labelling)and flow cytometry.Results TUNEL-positive cells could be detected in fluoride-treated rat kidney,the apoptotic rates of fluoride-treated kidney cells were higher than those of the control significantly.Conclusions This result indicated that fluoride could induce kidney cells apoptosis of rats.
Effects of β-Carotene on Changes of Lipid Peroxidation and Antioxidant Enzyme of Alveolar Macrophage Induced by Ni2O3
ZHANG Jing, ZHANG Jun, LIU Yi-min
2002, 18(8): 898-899. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-02
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Objective To investigate the effects and mechanism of B-carotene on the injury of alveolar macrophage exposed to Ni2O3.Methods The alveolar macrophage was cultured in vitro with exposure to Ni2O3 and the detection of malondialdehyde and activity of antioxidant enzyme in alveolar macrophage were carried out.Results The results of adding different dose of β-carotene(25,50,100μmol/L)could increase the activity of superoxide dismutase in alveolar macrophage with an dose-dependent manner.Vitamin E could inhibit the production of malondialdehyde apparently.Both of the β-carotene 50μmol/L group and 100μmol/L group had dramatic inhibitory effect.Conclusion Ni2O3 could induce over-oxidation of cytoplasm β-carotene could inhibit the cytotoxity of Ni2O3,which probably due to its antioxidant property.
Effects of Lead on Changes of NO.NOS in Rat Kidney
ZHOU Wei, WANG Shi-xin, WEI Mao-ti
2002, 18(8): 900-901. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-03
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Objective To study the effect of chronic lead exposure on the changes of nitric oxide synthase(NOS)activity and nitric oxide(NO)content in kidney.Methods Wistar rats were exposed to lead from drinking 0,18.4 and 184mg/L lead acetate solution.Results Compared with control group,kidney NOS activity in high-dose lead exposed groups was significantly decreased after 30 days exposure(P<0.05).NOS activity in low-dose lead exposure groups increased,but show no significant differ ence(P>0.05).NO content in kidney were markedly decreased after 90 days exposure in low-dose group and 60 days in high-dose group(P<0.05).Conclusion NOS activity and NO content in kidney were significantly decreased during chronic lead exposure.The decrease of NOS activity and NO content resulted from lead exposure may be correlated with the neural poisoning of kidney.
Effect of Aluminum on Pathology of Central Nerve System in Rats
TANG Huan-wen, WEI Xiao-min, ZHUANG Zhi-xiong
2002, 18(8): 902-904. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-04
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Objective To observe effect of aluminum on the changes of number and structure of neurons in brain and granulovacuolar degeneration(GVD)in hippocampus in rats and to provide some evidences on the mechanism of neurotoxicity.Methods One hundred fourty four rats were divided into three experimental and control groups,experimental groups were given aluminum by intraperitoneal injection with aluminum chloride in 5.0,15.0 and 25.0mg/kg respectively.The change of number and structure of nerve cells were observed in different domain of brain with microscope and electron-microscope.Results 15.0mg/kg for 4 weeks or 5.0mg/kg for 12 weeks group could result in the decrease of neurons in cerebrum,Pukinje cells in cerebellum and pyramidal neurons in hippocampus significantly(P<0.05);the number of GVD cells increased significantly(P<0.05)when the dosages of aluminum at 5.0mg/kg for 8 weeks or 15mg/kg and 25mg/kg for 4 weeks;the incidence of GVD per 300 nerve cells were significantly related to the dosage of aluminum;Nissl bodies dissolving and dissipating,nucleus-shrinkage were observed by microscope at 5.0mg/kg for 8 weeks or 15.0mg/kg for 4 weeks;nucleus membrane transfigure and dissolving,micronucleus small,nucleus circumference vacant-spongy,mitochondria enlarging were detected with electronic-microscope;the swell and vacant-spongy of never cells nucleus of hippocampus at dosage of 15.0mg/kg for 12 weeks.Conclusion The results confirmed profoundly that aluminum had nerve toxicity and might play an important role in increasing the risk of GVD,and suggested that nerve toxicity might be related to the number decreasing and structure changing of neurons due to the dosage of aluminum.
Effects of Oral Administration of Aluminum Potassium Sulfate on Liver and Kidney of Rabbits
LIU Ping, WU Shi-de, WANG Shu-e
2002, 18(8): 905-906. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-05
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Objective To investigate the effects of different aluminum(Al)levels on liver and kidney of rabbits.Methods Belgium rabbits were administered with aluminum potassium sulfate successively for eight weeks,and the contents of trace elements Copper(Cu),Zinc(Zn),Manganese(Mn)were analyzed.Also,both superoxide dismutase(SOD)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)in liver and kidney were examined.The pathological examination was observed.Results The Al levels in liver and kidney remarkably increased with increase of aluminum potassium sulfate intake(P<0.001),and the Cu,Zn,Mn levels decreased in different degrees(P<0.05,P<0.01).The SOD activities of liver and kidney significantly decreased in high dose group(P<0.05,P<0.01).The GSH-Px activities of liver and kidney were inhibited in both low and high dose group.The liver and kidney damage was found among aluminum-loaded rabbits in pathological examination,and the extent relied on dosage.Conclusion Aluminum inhibited SOD and GSH-Px activities by decreasing Cu,Zn,Mn levels in liver and kidney of rabbits may constitute one of the factors for the mechanism of tissue injury by alnminum.
Effect of Nitric Oxide in Process of Cadmium-induced Acute Liver Injury and Intervention with Sagittatria Sagittifolia
WU Xiao-nan, LU Zhu-fu, HUANG Fang
2002, 18(8): 907-908. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-06
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Objective To research the effect of nitric oxide in the process of cadmium-induced acute liver injury and intervention with Sagittaria Sagittifolia.Methods Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into six groups,each of six.The rats were pretreated intragastrically with 25%,50%,75% Sagittaria Sagittfolia extract(2ml/100g)or distilled water once daily for ten days.Twenty-four hours after the last dosing,animals were administered with CdCl2(20μmol/L/kg)intraperitoneally,control animals were given distilled water only.Twenty-four hours after the intoxication,the serum LDH,GPT activity and NO concentration,liver MDA content and nitric oxide synthase(NOS)activity were measured in each group above.Results Compared to the control,cadmium could increase the serum LDH,GPT activity and liver MDA content(P<0.05);Treatment of rats with 50% and 75% Sagittaria Sagittifolia extract could decrease the serum LDH,GPT activity and liver MDA content(P<0.05);Sagittaria Sagittifolia extract inhabited liver NOS activity and decrease serum NO concentration in dose-dependent manner(r=-0.959 6,-0.995 6,P<0.05)also.Conclusion It is suggested that NO seems to be involved in cadmium-induced acute peroxidative liver injury on rats and the intervention effect of Sagittaria Sagittifolia on rats.
2002, 18(8): 909-910. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-07
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Cohort Study on Pathogenicity of Hepatitis G Virus Mixed Infection with Hepatitis B and C Virus
LI Peng, ZHU Wan-fu, AN Wen-feng
2002, 18(8): 911-913. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-08
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Objective To study the pathogenicity of GB virus C(GBV-C),and effect of coinfection with GBV-C on hepatitis B and C.Methods GBV-C was determined in sera of 95 patients who were diagnosed as chronic hepatitis B and 80 patients of hepatitis C.Co hort study for 6,20 months was conducted.Results The rate of HBV and GBV-C mixed infection was 20,0%~25,0% and rate of HCV and GBV-C mixed infection was 28.3%~33.5%.Serum ALT,AST,TBil,etc were compared between with and without GBV-C infecton.No significant difference was found between the two groups.GBV-C did not effect the clearance of HBV and HCV.Conclusion The study suggested that mixed infection of GBV-C did not lead to significant effect on patients with chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C.It was lack of pathogenicity that GBVC existed in liver disease.
Research on Relationship Between Trace Elements and Viral Hepatitis
SUN Li-ping, ZHANG Li, ZHAO Shu-min
2002, 18(8): 913-914. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-09
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Objective To explore the relationship between trace element and viral hepatitis B.Methods The trace elements contents of Cu、Fe、Zn、Se in sera of patients with HBV was deter mined by spectr ophtometer.The SPSS 9.0 for win was used statistic analysis.Results The serum content of Zn in patients infected with HBV was lower than that of control group.The serum content of Se in patients with HBsAg was lower than that of control group.The value of Cu/Zn,Fe/Zn in patients with HBV were higher than that of control group.The differnece was highly remarkable(P<0.01).Logistic regression analysis demonstred that trace element of Se,Cu/Zn were made way into regression quation.Conclusion The viral hepatis B was related with changes in plasma levels of trace elements.Cu、Zn、Se had close relationship with viral hepatis B.
Effects of Selenium on Oxygen Free Radical Induced Injury of Rat Cerebral Mitochondria
GAO Liang-cai, CHEN Wan-rong, TIAN Cun-ping
2002, 18(8): 915-917. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-10
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Objective The effects of selenium on oxygen free radical inducing injury of rat cerebral mitochondria were investigated.Methods The oxygen free radicals(OFRs)injured cerebral mitochondria induced by Fe2+-Cys in vitro were exposed to 5.0×10-5-5.0 mol/L.Na2SeO3 and the changes of injured mitochondria swelling,membrane fluidity,MDA levels and mitochondria structures were observed.Results Low Se concentration(5.0×10-4-5.0×10-2 mol/L)can inhabit the injury of rat cerebral mitochondria induced by oxygen free radicals while high Se concentration(0.5-5.0 mol/L) cause toxicity and both are with a relationship of dose-dependent response.Conclusion Low Se concentration is helpful to delay aging and against nervous disease.
2002, 18(8): 917-917. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-11
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Study of Proportioning Oil Effects on Erythrocyte Fatty Acids in Rabbits with Hyperlipemia
SHEN Xiao-jing, LAN Bing-shen, WU Hong-mei
2002, 18(8): 918-918. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-12
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Objective To explore the proportioning oils effects on erythrocyte fatty acids in rabbits with hyperlipemia.Methods Change of the components and contents of erythrocyte fatty acids in 50 rabbits fed on the natural proportioning oils on three months were determined by GC method.Results The oleic acid(18:1)and monounsaturated fatty acids(MUFA) were apparently increased in hyperlipemia control group.The level of-linolenic acid(18:3)was apparently increased in three test groups after being fed on the hyperlipemia forage and the proportioning oils.The highest content of 18:3 was showed in test I group and the contents of-linolenic acid(18:3)and linoleic acid(18:2)were apparently increased in test and group in which 18:1 and MUFA were no significantly change.Conclusion The level of n3 polyunsaturated fatty acid may be increased by supplement of three proportioning oils.The dynamic balance of n6/n3 ratio may also be kept in the body by supplement of the pro portioning 2 oil.The proponioning 2 and 3 oils have more fairly good effect on prevention and treatment of hypelipemia.
Damage Effect of Microcystin on Placenta in SD Pregnant Rats
WEI Guo-rong, ZHANG Zhan-ying, LIAN Min
2002, 18(8): 921-922. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-13
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Objective To study the damage effects of Microcystin LR(MCLR)on placenta in Sprague-Dawley rats(SD rats).Methods SD rats were injected with MCLR in their embryo forming period to study the effects of MCLR to the placenta and the embryo development.Results Different dose of MCLR can directly injure the placenta barrier and entered into the embryo,which affected the forming and delopment of embryo.The placenta pathological slices showed that there were degeneration,dropsy and interstitium loosen in all placenta cells on the sixth day stopping injection of MCLR.Conclusion MCLR could injure the placenta barrier directly which made MCLR easily enter the embryo and effect the forming and development of embryo.
Experimental Study of BPA and β β-HCH on Estrogenic Activity of Mice
ZHENG Li-shu, JIN Yi-he, JIN Cui-hong
2002, 18(8): 922-924. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-14
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Objective To measure estrogenic activity when BPA and β-HCH were co-administered or administered singly using animal model without endogenous estrogens.Methods On day 17 after bilateral ovaria were excised,mice were administered with different dose of 17-E2 developed dose-responce curve between uterine organ coefficient and POD activity.Estrogenic activity was measured after BPA and β-HCH given by intraperitoneal injection jointly or singly.Results Uterine organ coefficient and POD activity of mice were highly correlated with dose of 17-E2.Uterine organ coefficient and POD activity significantly increased at the high dose BPA group,compared with control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).Uterine organ coefficient significantly increased at the high doseβ-HCl group,compared with control(P<0.01),but POD activity had no statistically difference.Uterine organ coefficienthad no synergistic activation in co-administered groups but POD activity elicited synergistic activation when co-administered with 100 mol/kg BW BPA+500 mol/kg BW β-HCH.Conclusion When administered with BPA and β-HCH singly,there was estrogenicity at some concentrations.When co-administered with BPA and β-HCH,they can show synergistic activation under some conditions.
Study on Vivo Genotoxicity of Methyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether in Mice
LI Hong-yan, GAO Jin-wu, WANG Guo-xiong
2002, 18(8): 925-926. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-15
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Objective To explore the genotoxicity of domestic produced Methyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether(MTBE).Methods The mice were administered MTBE by inhalation at 108,1 440 or 4 968mg/m3 for 20 consecutive days.The genotoxicity of MTBE in mice was detected by single cell gel electrophoresis assay,DNA cross-links test and mouse bone marrow micronucleus test.Results MTBE could cause DNA single strand breaks in mice hepatocytes,kidney cells and lung cells.It could increase the frequency of mice bone marrow micronucleus at 4 968mg/m3.MTBE could not induce DNA cross-links of hepatocytes in vivo.Conclusion MTBE produced in the domestic had some genotoxicity at DNA level and chromosome level.
2002, 18(8): 926-927. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-16
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Study on Effects of Vitamin C on Mice Transplanted S180 Fluid Tumor
DING Hong, ZHANG Yue-ming, CHEN Dong-mei
2002, 18(8): 928-929. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-17
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Objective To study the effect of different dosages of vitamin C on the general condition and immunity level of mice transplanted S180 fluid tumor.Methods The model for transplanted S180 fluid tumor in mice was set up.The mice were given vitamin C for 7 days and then were killed.The amount of hemog lobin(Hb),the number of white blood cell(WBC),the index of humoral and cellular immunity,the ratio of weight of internal or gans to that of mice body were deter mined.Results Vitamin C had the protective effect on the change of hemogram in tumor-bearing mice and on the damage of immunological organs.But there was not statistical difference.Vitamin C had the evidently protective effect on the immunolo gical function of tumor-bearing mice by using statistical analysis and the degree of this effect depended on dosage.Conclusion Vitamin C can increase the immunological function of tumor-bearing mice,decrease the damage of internal organs in tumor-bearing mice,and can improve the amount of Hb.
Inhibitory Effect of Flavonoids from Morus Folium on Nonenzymatic Glucosylation in Vitro
YU Ling-ying, LI Xiang-rong, SHEN Jiangan
2002, 18(8): 929-930. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-18
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:Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of flavonoids from morus folium on the nonenzymatic glycosylation.Methods The flavonoids from extracts of morus folium in different concenration(0.001,0.01,0.1μg/L)were added to a glycosylation system in vitro,and incubated for 1,4,7,14,21,28 days respectively,then the early glycasylation products were measured.Results The quantity of the early nonenzymatic glycosylation products had positive correlation with the incubating time,and each incresed significantly when the extracts added.Conclusion There was positive correlation between nonenzymatic glucosylation and incubating time in this system,and the falvonoids from morus foliuna may possess inhibitory effects on nonenzymatic glucosylation in vitro.
Study on Effect of Nut Rich in Monounsaturated Fatty Acid on Serum Lipids in Hyperlipidemia Patients
XIAO Ying, WANG Jun-bo, YAN Shao-fang
2002, 18(8): 931-932. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-19
Abstract(1315)
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Objective To observe variations of serum lipid levels in response to a high monounsaturated fatty diet containing almond.Methods A self-controlled design was used in the experiment with eighty-five hyperlipidemia patients.During the experimental phase,75g almond per day was administrated for 4 weeks.Serum total cholesterol(TC),high-densitylipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),triglyceride(TG),apolipoprotein AI and apolipoprotein B(ApoB)were determined at 0,4,8 week.Results After the treatment,TC and ApoB were decreased significantly in total subjects while Apo AI increased.This healthy effect seemed more obvious in Type Ⅱ hyperlipidemia patients,and low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) also decreased significantly.Moreover,the lowering effect of lipids last at least 4 weeks.Conclusion Almond had healthy effect on serum lipids and apolipoproteins in hyperlipidemia patients.
Effect of Pantothenic Calcium on Lipid Peroxidation in Starved Rat’s Brain
DING Yu-qing, GUO Jun-sheng, ZHAO Fa-ji
2002, 18(8): 933-934. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-20
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Objective To study the effect of pantothentic calcium on lipid perox idation in starved rat's brain.Methods To inject pantothentic calcium intragastricly to starved rats,then to examine brain MDA,GSH content and the activity of GSHPx and SOD at different fasting period.Results Lipid peroxidation MDA content increased markedly after fasting,however MDA content in suplemented straved rats rose no significantly compared with normal rats at four and seven days of fasting,and had marked discrrepancy compared with starved control groups.Pantothenic calcium had no apparent effects on the activities of SOD,GSH-Px,and significantly enhanced GSH levels in the starved rats which were significantly low than that before fasting.Conclusion Pantothenic calcium can protect rats from harmful lipid peroxidation and some of the mechanisms was probably due to enhancing the level of GSH.
Genetic Polymorphism of Glutathione S-transferase M1, T1, P1 on Susceptibility Hepatocellular Carcinoma
LIU Cha, Zhen, BIAN Jian-chao, JIANG Feng
2002, 18(8): 935-936. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-21
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Objective To study the relationship between genetic polymorphism of Glutathione S-transferase M1,T1,P1 and susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods The genetic polymorphisms of GST M1,T1 and P1 of 84 patients with HCC and 144 healt hycontrols were detected by PCR.Results The frequencies of GSTM1 null genotype and GST T1 null genotype of cases were 66.67% and 40.48% respectively,while those of controls were 47.92% and 25.00% respectively.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);The frequencies of 3 genotypes for GSTP1 in cases were 64.29%,33.33% and 2.38% respectively,while those of controls were 61.80%,34.03% and 4.17% respectively.The differences were not statistically significant.Their odds ratio were 2.20,1.93 and 0.94 respectively after adjusting the sex.The individuals with GSTM1 null genotype and GSTT1 null genotype jointly increased the risk for HCC signiticantly.Conclusion GSTM1 and GSTT1 genes were useful indicates for screening the high risk population of HCC.
Study on Differential Expression of Genes in Hypothalamus of Heat Acclimated Rats
WANG Guang-hai, ZHOU Fei
2002, 18(8): 937-938. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-22
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Objective The gene expression was studied to investigate the molecular mechanism of heat acclimation.Methods Heat acclimation model of rats was made first,then the hypothalamus tissue was isolated from the model rats and the normal ones respectively.The genes expressed differentially between these two kinds of tissue were identified using the differential display PCR technique and confirmed by dot blothybridization of total RNA,then were sequenced and analyzed.Results A piece of cDNA was selected for its higher expression in the hypothalamus of heat acclimated rats and was determined to be a sequence with 164bp.Conclusion The results suggest that genes were differentially expressed in heat acclimated animals compared with normal ones,which may contribute a lot to maintaining their ability of heat adaptation.
Effects of Imidacloprid on Content of NO and Activity of NOS in Primary-cultured Rat’s Hippocampus Neurons
ZHANG Zhong-bin, HU Jun-feng, ZHANG Chun-liang
2002, 18(8): 939-941. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-23
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Objective To study the effect of new-typed pesticide imidacloprid on the content of NO(nitric oxide)in nutrient solution and the activity of NOS(NO synthase)in primary-cultured rat,hippocampus neurons.Methods To poison mature primary-cultured rat's hippocampus neurons with imidacloprid of different concentration;then to observe the morphological change under phase difference microscope to determine cell mortality,the content of NO in nutrient solution and the activity of NOS respectively at time of 12h,24h and 48h after poisoning.Results Compared with DM SO control group,there are following changes for each group apart from groups of zero and 10-6 mol/L imidacloprid with increase of poisoning concentration(10-5-10-3 mol/L)and prolonging of poisoning time.Hippocampus neurons become swell,the intracellular granules increase,the axon and dendrite break or even loss,the intercellular network also becomes sparser.The cell mortality and the content of NO increase after poisoning for 24h(P<0.05),and they increase much more at time of 48h(P<0.01).The activity of intracellular NOS of 10-3 mol/L imidacloprid group increases at time of 12h(P<0.01),and it becomes higher at 24h(P<0.01),that of 10-5-10-4 mol/L imidacloprid groups also increases at time of 24h(P<0.01).And there is no obvious change for the activity of NOS of every group between time of 24h and 48h.Conclusion Imidacloprid with concentration range from 10-5 mol/L to 10-3 mol/L can result in increase of the content of NO in nutrient solution and the activity of NOS in primary-cultured rat's hippocampus neurons,which may be related to its neurotoxic effect.
Experimental Study on Effects of Antioxidants on Ultraviolet Radiation-Indued DNA Damage
LI Jing, LIU Yang, WANG Bing-xian
2002, 18(8): 942-943. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-24
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Objective To investigate the role of antioxidants-catalase,reduced glutathione and β-carotin in UVR-induced DNA damage.Methods After extracting human peripherial blood lymphocytes and treating with catalase,reduced glutathioneβ,-carotin as well as ultraviolet radiation,the damaged degree of lymphyocytic DNA was examined with single cell gel electrophoresis.Results With the UVR dose increasing,the damaged degree of lymphocytic DNA increase gradully;after treating with three antioxidants UVR-induced DNA damage was reduced and its effects showed dose-dependent manner within a certain range.Conclusions Catalase,reduced glutathione andβ-carotin were perfect antagonists to UVR-induced DNA damage;single cell gel electrophoresis was an ideal method of analyzing UVR-induced DNA damage.
Study on Preventive Effect of Tea on DNA Damage of Lymphocytes in Human Induced by Cigarette Smoking
CUI Wen-min, ZHANG Xin, WANG Wei
2002, 18(8): 944-945. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-25
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Objective In order to study the preventive effect of tea on DNA damage induced by cigarette smoking and to provide evidence on the protective effects of tea in human cancer.Methods Based micronuclei frequency and chromosome aberrations frequency of peripheral bloodly mphocytes as end point,the effect of mixed tea on smoke-induced DNA damage was investigated in 46 smokers in a six month,double-blind and randomized placebo-controlled intervention trial.Results A kind of mixed tea given in an oral dose of 3g/day for 6 months,significantly decreased the micronucleii formation and chromosome aberrations frequency in lymphocytes.In contrast,there was no significant change in the micronuclei frequency and chromosome aberration frequency after 6 months in the placebo group.Conclusion The results indicated that mixed tea may reduce cancer risk by preventing DNA damage in human induced by cigarette smoking and have preventive effect on human cancer.
Studies on side effect and immunolical effect of CTN-IV Stain
QIAN Hao, YU Wei, LIU Yun
2002, 18(8): 946-947. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-26
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Objective To observe the immunological effect and side effect of CTN-1v strain.Methods Detection of neutralizing antibody and observation of side effect is carried in 20 volunteers who are vaccinated by CTN-1v vaccine.Results Rates of side effect are 35%(7/20),the rates of positive antibody are 100%(20/20),and the level of neutralizing antibody was 13.08 IU/ml(5.83-22.16 IU/ml).Conclusion CTN-1v strain is characterized by side effect slightly and good immunolonicity,large production of antibody.
2002, 18(8): 947-947. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-27
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Influence of Temperature and Cold Air on Mortality of Cardio-and Cerebral Vascular Diseases
LIU Xue-en, LI Qun-na, ZHAO Zong-qun
2002, 18(8): 948-950. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-28
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Objective To research the influence of temperatare and cold air on the deaths and mortality of cardio and cerebral vascular disease(CVD)in Wuhan,and to indicate the preventive measures.Methods That 1 220 dead cases from CVD from 1991 and 1998(exclude 1995)were analyzed in Wuhan to describe and analyze the relationship between the deaths mortality of CVD and monthly average temperature,cold air.Results The deaths of CVD shows a dominant peak in J anuary and a second peak in July.Simple correlation analysis shows a positive correlation between temperature and the monality of CVD in summer:correlation coefficient is no significance in group 1(aging from 45 to 65years)(P>0.05),correlation coefficient is significance in group 2(age at≥65years)(P<0.05);and a negative in other seasons:correlation coefficients are significance in group 1 and group 2(P<0.05).The regression equation for temperature and the mortality of CVD in summer,Y= 0186 T-7.154(P<0.05)(for group 2),and in other seasons,Y=6.175-0.125 T(P<0.05)(for group 1),Y=24.5801415 T(P<0.05)(for group 2).Cold air slightly affects the deaths of CVD comparing with their distribution chart.Simple correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficient is no significant between cold air and the mortality of CVD.Conclusion There is a positive correlation between temperature and the mortality of CVD in summer,and a negative one in other seasons.
2002, 18(8): 950-951. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-29
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Study on Effects of Exposure to Rare Earth Elements on Function of Immune System of Children
FAN Guang-qin, LIU Zhi-gang, ZHENG Hui-lie
2002, 18(8): 952-953. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-30
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Objective To explore effects of exposure to rare earth elements(REEs)on function of immune system of children.Methods IgA,IgG,IgM and complement C3,C4 in blood serum were determined with turbidimeter measure in 205 children aged 7-10 years,living in rare earth ore containing area and the control area in Jingxi,China.IgE in 70 blood serum samples(35 samples from exposure to REEs group and 35 samples from the control group)were determined by chemiluminescence immunoassay(CLIA).Lymphocyte subset CD3+,CD4+,CD8+,CD4+/CD8+,and NK in 37 blood samples were determined by flowcytometry(17 samples from exposure to REEs group and 20 samples from the control group).While fifteen kinds of REEs in 112 blood samples(69 samples from exposure to REEs group and 43 samples from the control group)were determined by inductively coupled plasma source mass spectrometry(ICP-Ms).Results All 15 kinds of REEs were detected in each sample.The quantity of blood REEs of the children in the rare earth area(2.18±1.08ng/g)is 1173 times as that of the children in the control area(1.26±0.35ng/g).The difference is significantly great(P<0.01).The humoral immunity would be changed in the body of the children exposed to REEs,the quantity of IgM(0.87±0.21g/L)was lower in exposure group than in control group(0.94±0.18g/L,P<0.05).The quantity of IgG,IgA,C3,C4 were no significant difference in tow group.The measuring result of T lymph subgroup of the children indicates:CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+ changed a lot.The percent of CD3+(54.05%±7.55%),CD8+ (22.65%±5.18%)were significantly lower and CD4+/CD8+ (1.38±0.36)was significantly higher in expousure group than in control group(CD3+:62.84%±7.05%,CD8+:29.25%±3.90%,CD4+/CD8+:1.12±0.18).Multiple regresion analysis showed the variable of blood REEs in expousre to REEs group or those in the control group were introduced into the IgM regression model.The standardized partial regression coefficient obtained was equal to -0.296.Conclusion Exposure to REEs could interrupt the function of immune system in children.
Investigation on Incidence of Hypertension and its Risk Factors
ZHU Jin-liang, BI Lu-lu, WEI Zhi-hua
2002, 18(8): 954-955. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-31
Abstract(1264) PDF 431KB(109)
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Objective To investigate the incidence of hypertension among habitants in Shanghai and its risk factors to give evidence to prevent and control hypertension.Methods A survey was conducted to investigate hypertension and to measure the blood pressure in 35-74 aged habitants in two communities in Shanghai.The chisquare test and unconditional logistic regression were performed.Results The incidences of hypertension in men and in women were 31.7% and 27.9%,respectively,and increased along with age.Age,body mass index,mother's hypertension history,father's hypertension history,sex,occupation,education level,drinking and marital status entered the multiple unconditional logistic regression model.There was a positive relationship between the incidence of hypertension and the body mass index.The ORs of mother's hypertension history,father's hypertension history and drinking were 2.19(95%CI 2.05-2.34),2.13(95%CI 2.00-2.28)and 1.24 (95%CI1.14-1.36),respectively.Conclusion Hypertension was the result of the interaction between inheritance and environment and the strategy to prevent and control hypenension should be comprehensive.
2002, 18(8): 955-955. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-32
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Analysis on Causes of Death of Townspeople in Chongqin in 1990’s
LIU Da-wei, MOU Li-hong, TANG Xiao-jun
2002, 18(8): 956-957. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-33
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Objective To study chief causes of death of townspeople in Chongqing in the 1990's.Methods Mortality rate,disease-specific mortality rate,valued years of potential life lost(VYPLL)and years of life lost(YLLs)were used to analyze causes of death.Results The annual average mortality rate of the residents was 6.28‰(standard mortality rate 4.07‰).The sequence of major five causes of death was shown as follows:malignant tumours,cerebrovascular diseases,respiratory system diseases,cardiac diseases and accidental deaths.According to VYPLL,the sequence of major five causes of death is shown as follows:accidental deaths,malignant tumors,respiratory system diseases,digestive system diseases and cerebrovascular diseases;In the commercial community the third cause of death was mental disease.According to burden of disease,the proportion of YLLs is shown as bellow:chronic non-infectious diseases(80.16%),accidental injuries(13.06%)and infectious diseases(including gynecology and perinatal diseases).Conclusion The chronic non-infectious diseases and accidental injuries should be determined as focal point in prevention and treatment.The prevention and treatment of infectious diseases should not be relaxed.The mental health work should be developed actively.
Intervention Study on Cardiovascular Diseases in Rural Population of Rushan County
LI Hui-qing, LI Ying, JIN Shi-kuan
2002, 18(8): 958-960. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-34
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Objective To discuss the effects and possibilities of preventing cardiovascular disease by controlling hypertension and health education in the population of rural community.Methods Community intervention study was designed.The observed subjects were citizens aged 35-69.The measur ements of intervention included cross-section followup and health education.The incidence and mortality of cerebral and heart diseases were used to assess the preventing effect.Results The total population was 7 657 aged 35-69 in the intervened community.The detected number of patients with hypertension was accounted for 67.9% of total expected,and two times than that of before intervention.The rate of accepting cure for patients with hypertension increased from 17.8% to 67.9%.There were 252 cases with abnormality of electrocardiograh(ECG),681.3% of which was tested first time.At the end of the intervention the incidence and mortality of cerebral vascular disease declined by 44.13% and 50.25% respectively.The incidence of peek age group postponed 5 years.The protective rate was 50.25%.The mortality of heart disease went down by 20.40%.Conclusion Community-intervention program and education in population level for controlling hypertension may prevent cerebral vascular disease up to 50%.
2002, 18(8): 960-960. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-35
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2002, 18(8): 961-962. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-36
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2002, 18(8): 962-963. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-37
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Analysis on Causes of Malignant Tumors of Urban Inhabitants in Chongqing from 1991 to 2000
TANG Xiao-jun, LIU Da-wei, HU Zhi-qiong
2002, 18(8): 964-965. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-38
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Objective To investigate the death cause of malignant tumors of urban inhabitants in Chongqing and to provide the basis for prevention and control of malignant tumors.Methods Mortality rate,standardized mortality rate,years of potential life lost(YPLL)and YPLL rate were used to analyse death cause of malignant tumors.Results The annual average mortality rate of malignant tumors was 160.99/105 and YPLL rate was 12.78‰.Among malignant tumors,lung cancer took the lead with a mortality rate of 55.49/105,accounted for 34.47%.The next sequences were as follows:hepatitis cancer,oesophagus cancer,stomach cancer and intestine cancer.The sequence of death causes was mostly influenced by sexes,ages and communities.The sequences of YPLL rate of main death causes were:lung cancer,hepatitis cancer,leukemia,stomach cancer and intestine cancer.Conclusion In order to reduce mortality rate of malignant tumors of urban inhabitants,it was important to protect the environment and to change the unhealthy life habits.
2002, 18(8): 966-967. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-39
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2002, 18(8): 967-967. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-40
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2002, 18(8): 968-970. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-41
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Aetiological Analysis and Study on E.coli O157:H7 in Epidemic Area
YANG Jin-chuan, JING Huai-qi, WAN Ma
2002, 18(8): 970-971. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-42
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Objective To analyze E.coli O157:H7 of epidemic area.Methods To compare the virulence gene spectrum of E.coli O157:H7 strains by PCR and analyze the homology of E.coli O157:H7 strains by PFGE and RAPD.Results In all E.coli O157:H7 strains isolated from epidemic area,100% possess Hly and eaeA gene,95.35% possess SLT2 gene,11.63% possess SLT1 gene.The PFGE spectrum shows that the strains isolated from epidemic area are distinctively different from the strains isolated from Japan,and they are similar to but not same with the standard strain 882364.The PFGE spectrum of strains isolated from epidemic area patients are same with that of strains isolated from excrement of prutries and domestic animals and inscet intestine.Conclusion Poultries and domestic animals which carry E.coli O157:H7 could be source of infection.PFGE could be used to analyze E.coli O157:H7 and is important in epidemicology study,but is not fit to be used in grass roots unit.Analyzing E.coli O157:H7 by RAPD is convenient and time saving.
2002, 18(8): 972-973. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-43
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2002, 18(8): 973-973. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-44
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2002, 18(8): 974-974. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-45
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2002, 18(8): 975-975. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-46
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2002, 18(8): 976-976. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-47
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2002, 18(8): 977-978. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-48
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2002, 18(8): 978-978. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-49
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Determination of Volatiles in Environment Using Solid-Phase Microextraction and Gas Chromatography
LIU Hong-he, LI Yuan-qian
2002, 18(8): 979-981. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-50
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Objectives A method for the simult aneous determination of methyl chlorides(dichloromethane,trichlor omethane and tetrachloro methane)and BTEX(benzene,toluene,ethylbenzene and xylenes isomers)in env ironmental samples were studied using headspace solid-phase micro-extraction(SPME)and gas chromatography.Methods Solid phase microextraction with uncoated fiber in the headspace and capillary gas chromatography were used to determinate methyl chlorides and BTEX.The extractive and chromatog raphic conditions were optimized.Results Linear limits of the method: dichlormethane 0.14-75.7μg/L,trichloromethane 0 24-84.5μg/L,tetrachlor methane 0.45-137.1μg/L,benzene 0.03 -12.6μg/L,toluene 0.10-24.8μg/L,ethylbenzene 0.06-24.7μg/L,xylenes isomers 0.13-24.8μg/L.The cofficient of correlation ranged form 0.991 5-0.997 9,limit of detection of volatiles above were 0.14μg/L、0.24μg/L、0.45μg/L、0.03μg/L、0.10μg/L、0.06μg/L、0.13μg/L.The recoveries and coefficient of variation in sample determination ranged from 80.0%-111.6% and from 4.4%-8.1%,respectively.Conclusion This method was simple,fast,accurate with high reproducibility,high sensitivity and low cost.
2002, 18(8): 981-981. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-51
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2002, 18(8): 982-983. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-52
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2002, 18(8): 983-983. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-53
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2002, 18(8): 984-985. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-54
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2002, 18(8): 986-987. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-55
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2002, 18(8): 987-987. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-56
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2002, 18(8): 988-989. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-57
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2002, 18(8): 989-989. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-58
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2002, 18(8): 990-991. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-59
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2002, 18(8): 991-991. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-60
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2002, 18(8): 992-993. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-61
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2002, 18(8): 993-993. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-62
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2002, 18(8): 994-994. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-63
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2002, 18(8): 995-996. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-64
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Correlative Study on Vitamin A Level and Iron Zinc Copper Calcium Magnesium in Serum of Preschool Children in Shenzhen
DUAN Li-hua, LI Shi-min
2002, 18(8): 997-997. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-65
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Objective To study on the relationship between vitamin A level and inorganic salts,trace element in serum of preschool children.Methods Absorption amount of energy and nutrients were calculated percapita daily by diet investigation,contents of vitamin A and trace element in serum were detected by micro-fluorescence and atomic absorption spectrometric respectively.Results There were no difference in absorption amount of diet nutrients daily between serum vitamin A normal group and deficiency group.Iron level in serum increased significantly after vitamin A was complemented for children who were deficient in vitamin A,while no effect on the levels of Zinc,Copper,Calcium and Magnesium.Conclusion Iron absorption state can be improved by complement vitamin A for children deficiency in vitamin A.
Analysi on AIDS-related knowledge Status Among General Public in Shandong Province
WANG Xiao-yun, KANG Dian-min, WANG Shao-jun
2002, 18(8): 998-999. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-66
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Objective To understand the status of awareness on AIDS among the general public to provide basic data for health education on AIDS prevention and control.Methods The correct rate of keys to questions was estimated through questionnaires via newspapers and other medium.Results The resutls showed that the 20-50 years old groups and other people with senior high school or above education levles paid more attention to AIDS and knowledge of prevention and showed interest in participation,accounting for 70% or above 80%respectively.But the farmers,private owners and other people with low education levels know little about AIDS,with participant accounting for only 3.79% and 3.43%,and less than 20% among people with junior high school or below education levels.The general public had common sense on AIDS,but knew little about non-transmissible routes,protective measures and other complicated questions.Conclusion To carry out health education on AIDS prevention and control was needed according to different characteristic among the public to increase their self-protective awareness and capabilities.
Effect Evaluation of AIDS Health Education Among Sexually Active Population in Servises Trades
YANG Zhen-fa, FANG Si-ning, CAI Wen-de
2002, 18(8): 1000-1001. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-67
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Objective To evaluate the effect of AIDS klowledge,attitude and practice(KAP)among sexually active population in Shenzhen and provide the strategy for AIDS prevention.Methods A self-administered questionnaire on ATDS was used randomly among sexually active population whom worked in public services and were in Shenzhen for at lease one year as well as aged 16-40,and the outcome was compared.Results Difference of the knowledge of person with HIV infect may appear health,taking drugs or injections cannot prevent AIDS,the bites by mosquito cannot transmit AIDS(P<0.01)and shaking hands and eating together cannot transmit AIDS increased(P<0.05).The use rate of condom was 38.7% after intervention,which lowered than that(40.2%)before intervention.The multiple sexual partners and commertcial sex accounted for 46.5% and 56.9%,before and after intervene respectively,increased 10.4%(P<0.05).Conclusion It also presumed the increasing of the multiple sexual pattners and commercial sex accounting.It was extremely urgent to raise the use rate of condom and reduce the blind optimism.
2002, 18(8): 1002-1002. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-68
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2002, 18(8): 1003-1005. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-69
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2002, 18(8): 1006-1008. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-70
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2002, 18(8): 1009-1009. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-71
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2002, 18(8): 1010-1011. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-72
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2002, 18(8): 1012-1013. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-73
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2002, 18(8): 1015-1017. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-74
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2002, 18(8): 1018-1020. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-75
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2002, 18(8): 1020-1020. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-76
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2002, 18(8): 1021-1021. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-77
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2002, 18(8): 1022-1022. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-78
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2002, 18(8): 1023-1023. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-79
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2002, 18(8): 1024-1024. doi: 10.11847/zgggws2002-18-08-80
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