Abstract: Alzheimer′s disease (AD) and Parkinson′s disease (PD) are major neurodegenerative diseases, which seriously affect the health and quality of life of the elderly and bring heavy burden of care and health services to families and the society. The project – Prevention and Intervention on Neurodegenerative Disease in the Elderly in China has been implemented since 2015 with the aims of investigating the prevalence and related risk factors of AD and PD among elderly people to improve the awareness about the diseases in the public and to strengthen primary medical and health institutions′ capacity for prevention and intervention of the diseases. In this paper, we briefly introduce the contents and methods of the project.