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2011 — 2023年大连市发热伴血小板减少综合征流行病学特征及空间分析

Epidemiological characteristics and spatial aggregation of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in Dalian city from 2011 to 2023

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 对辽宁省大连市发热伴血小板减少综合征（SFTS）流行特征和空间聚集性进行分析，为SFTS的防控提供参考依据。
    方法 从中国疾病预防控制信息系统传染病报告信息管理系统及大连市辖区各区市县疾控对所有SFTS确诊病例的转归追踪所收集的信息，采用描述性分析、Joinpoint 回归模型分析及空间自相关分析方法分析 SFTS 流行特征及空间聚集性。
    结果 2011 — 2023年大连市累计报告SFTS本地病例701例，死亡166例，年均报告发病率为 0.77/10万（0.15/10万～1.93/10万），病死率为23.68%。大连市发病率呈逐年上升趋势，平均年度变化百分比为24.00%（P < 0.05），死亡率呈上升趋势，平均年度变化百分比为20.95%（P < 0.05）。病例集中在4 — 10月，夏季为发病高峰。中老年农民为发病主要人群。发病数居前 3 位的区市县分别为庄河市228例、瓦房店市194例、普兰店区156例，占病例总数的 82.45%。全局空间自相关分析显示，自2017 — 2023年，每年SFTS发病数存在空间聚集性（P < 0.05）。局部空间自相关分析显示，“高 – 高”聚集区主要在庄河市、普兰店区和瓦房店市等大连北部山区。
    结论  2011 — 2023年大连市SFTS发病呈上升、扩散趋势，具有明显空间聚集性；中老年人群发病及病死风险高：呈现明显的季节分布特征。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective  To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and spatial clustering of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in Dalian from 2011 to 2023, and provide evidence for the prevention and control of SFTS.
    Method  The incidence data of SFTS wer obtained from the National Disease Reporting Information System of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and referral tracking of all SFTS confirmed cases by CDC in all districts, cities and counties under the jurisdiction of Dalian Municipality. The epidemiological charac-teristics and spatial aggregation of SFTS were analyzed by descriptive analysis, Joinpoint regression analysis, and spatial autocorrelation analysis.
    Result  From 2011 to 2023, a total of 701 laboratory confirmed cases of SFTS, including 166 deaths. The annual average morbidity rate was 0.77/100 000 (0.15/100 000 – 1.93/100 000), and the CFR was 23.68%. The overall morbidity rate of SFTS in Dalian had an increasing trend from 2011 to 2023 was in increase with an average annual percentage change (AAPC) of 24.00% (P < 0.05). And the mortality rate had a increasing trend from 2011 to 2023 with an average annual percentage change (AAPC) of 20.95% (P < 0.05). The cases mainly occurred from Apirl to October and the incidence peak was in summer. The middle-aged and elderly farmers were the main SFTS population.The top three areas of incidence number were 228 cases of Zhuanghe city, 194 cases of Pulandian city, 156 cases of Wafangdian city. Global spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that the spatial aggeration occurred in the incidence of SFTS from 2017 to 2023 (P < 0.05). Local spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that "High-high clustering" areas were mainly concentrated in the mountainous areas of northern Dalian such as Zhuanghe, Pulandian and Wafangdian. Conclution From 2011 – 2023, the incidence of SFTS increased in Dalian, and the spread and obvious spatially cluesterd were observed. The morbidity and mortality risk were high in the elderly. The incidence of SFTS was seasonal.

     

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