Abstract:
Objective To understand the network relationship of influencing factors for hyperlipidemia in the elderly population of Henan province and predict their disease risk, providing a reference basis for formulating prevention and intervention measures for hyperlipidemia.
Methods From July to December 2022, a multi-stage random sampling method was used to select 123 741 elderly individuals aged ≥ 60 years old in Henan province for questionnaire surveys, physical examinations, and laboratory tests. Based on multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis, a hyperlipidemia Bayesian network model was constructed using the Max-Min Hill-Climbing (MMHC) algorithm to analyze the network relationship of influencing factors for hyperlipidemia in the local elderly population and predict their disease risk.
Results Among the 116 091 elderly individuals in Henan province finally included in the analysis, 33 023 had hyperlipidemia, with a prevalence rate of 28.45%; 9 873, 13 738, 14 765, and 4 338 individuals had high total cholesterol (TC), high triglyceride (TG), low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), respectively, with prevalence rates of 8.50%, 11.83%, 12.72%, and 3.74%, respectively. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that female gender, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) ≥ 0.5, body mass index (BMI) ≥ 18.5, central obesity, hypertension, and diabetes were risk factors for hyperlipidemia in the elderly population of Henan province, while age ≥ 80 years old and junior high school education or above were protective factors. Bayesian network model analysis showed that gender, BMI, hypertension, and diabetes were directly associated with hyperlipidemia, while age, education level, WHtR, and central obesity were indirectly associated. Risk inference results showed that the highest risk of hyperlipidemia was 41.6% for elderly male hypertensive individuals with BMI ≥ 28.0, 38.8% for obese elderly individuals, and 37.0% for the elderly individuals with hypertension and diabetes.
Conclusion The prevalence of hyperlipidemia in the elderly population of Henan province was relatively low. Gender, age, education level, BMI, WHtR, central obesity, hypertension, and diabetes were the main influencing factors for hyperlipidemia in the local elderly population. In the prevention and control of hyperlipidemia, attention should be particularly paid to the elderly male hypertensive individuals with BMI ≥ 28.0.