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河南省城市和农村老年人脑卒中后自理能力受损情况及其影响因素分析

Analysis of impaired self-care ability after stroke and its influencing factors among urban and rural elderly people in Henan province: a cross-sectional survey

  • 摘要:
    目的 了解河南省城市和农村老年人脑卒中后自理能力受损情况及其影响因素,为采取相应的干预措施提供参考依据。
    方法 于2022年7 — 12月采用多阶段随机抽样方法在河南省豫东、豫西、豫南、豫北和豫中五大区域15个区(县)抽取在当地居住 ≥ 2年6个月的3193例 ≥ 65岁脑卒中后老年人进行问卷调查,分析该地区城市和农村老年人脑卒中后自理能力受损情况及其影响因素。
    结果 河南省最终纳入分析的3 067例脑卒中后老年人中,自理能力受损者554例,脑卒中后自理能力受损率为18.06%;河南省城市和农村老年人脑卒中后自理能力受损率分别为10.96%和20.00%,城市老年人脑卒中后自理能力受损率低于农村老年人(χ2 = 28.513,P < 0.001);多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,吸烟、有肾脏疾病、有心脏疾病、有眼部疾病和有肝脏疾病是河南省城市老年人脑卒中后自理能力受损的危险因素,有运动习惯是河南省城市老年人脑卒中后自理能力受损的保护因素,吸烟、有听觉障碍、有肾脏疾病、有心脏疾病、有眼部疾病和有肝脏疾病是河南省农村老年人脑卒中后自理能力受损的危险因素,厕所环境完善、有运动习惯和饮食习惯健康是河南省农村老年人脑卒中后自理能力受损的保护因素。
    结论 河南省农村老年人脑卒中后自理能力受损率高于城市老年人,吸烟情况及有无运动习惯、肾脏疾病、心脏疾病、眼部疾病、肝脏疾病是当地城市和农村老年人脑卒中后自理能力受损的共同影响因素。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To understand the impaired self-care ability after stroke and its influencing factors among urban and rural elderly people in Henan province, and provide a reference for taking corresponding intervention measures.
    Methods From July to December 2022, a multi-stage random sampling method was used to select 3 193 elderly people aged ≥ 65 years old who had lived in the local area for ≥ 2.5 years after stroke in 15 districts (counties) of five major regions of eastern Henan, western Henan, southern Henan, northern Henan, and central Henan for a questionnaire survey, and the impaired self-care ability after stroke and its influencing factors of urban and rural elderly people in the region were analyzed.
    Results Among the 3 067 elderly people after stroke in Henan province finally included in the analysis, 554 had impaired self-care ability, with an impairment rate of 18.06% after stroke; the impairment rates of self-care ability after stroke among urban and rural elderly people in Henan province were 10.96% and 20.00%, respectively, and the impairment rate of self-care ability after stroke among urban elderly people was lower than that among rural elderly people (χ2 = 28.513, P < 0.001); the results of multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that smoking, kidney disease, heart disease, eye disease, and liver disease were risk factors for impaired self-care ability after stroke among urban elderly people in Henan province, while exercise habits were a protective factor for impaired self-care ability after stroke among urban elderly people in Henan province. Smoking, hearing impairment, kidney disease, heart disease, eye disease, and liver disease were risk factors for impaired self-care ability after stroke among rural elderly people in Henan province, while improved toilet environment, exercise habits, and healthy eating habits were protective factors for impaired self-care ability after stroke among rural elderly people in Henan province.
    Conclusion The impairment rate of self-care ability after stroke among rural elderly people in Henan province was higher than that among urban elderly people, and smoking status, presence or absence of exercise habits, kidney disease, heart disease, eye disease, and liver disease were common influencing factors for impaired self-care ability after stroke among urban and rural elderly people in the region.

     

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