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失能失智老年人养老服务政策注意力配置分析

Policy attention allocation to care services for disabled and demented elderly in China, 2013 – 2023: a content analysis of government documents

  • 摘要:
    目的 分析2013年以来我国出台的养老服务政策中有关失能失智老年人的文本内容,探讨我国政府在失能失智老年人养老服务政策制定中的注意力配置分布情况,为政策完善提供思路。
    方法 采用内容分析法,从政策工具和增能视角两个维度构建分析框架,通过Nvivo软件对国家层面出台的52份政策文本进行编码和统计分析。
    结果 累计编码275条,政策注意力强度呈阶段性变化,政策工具维度上以环境型政策工具为主(45.82%),增能要素维度以环境增能(51.27%)和服务增能(43.27%)为主。
    结论 我国失能失智老年人养老服务政策工具使用存在结构性失调,增能视角政策要素注意力配置分布不均。建议提升政策精准度,构建多维增能的养老服务体系,助力健康老龄化的实施。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To analyze the textual content related to care services for disabled and demented elderly in documents issued by Chinese national government agencies from 2013 to 2023, and the changes in the allocation of policy attention of the documents, in order to provide a reference for the improvement of relevant policies.
    Method A content analysis method was used to construct an analytical framework from two dimensions: policy instruments and empowerment perspectives. A total of 52 retrieved policy documents were coded and statistically analyzed using Nvivo software.
    Results A total of 275 content units were coded for all retrieved documents. The focus of policy attention showed a phasic variation. Environmental policy instruments dominated the policy instruments dimension with 45.82% of the coded content units, while environmental empowerment and service empowerment dominated the empowerment dimension with 51.27% and 43.27% of the coded content units, respectively.
    Conclusion There is a structural imbalance in the development of policy instruments for care services for the disabled and demented elderly in China, with an uneven allocation of policy attention to the empowerment perspective, suggesting that relevant policy-making needs to be improved for the construction of a multidimensional empowerment elderly care service system.

     

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