Objective To investigate the detection rate of different subtypes of cardiovascular disease (CVD) high-risk populations in Shaanxi province and their influencing factors, so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of CVD.

Methods From December 2015 to December 2022, a convenience sampling method was used to recruit 168 742 permanent residents aged ≥35 years from 12 project sites in 5 cities of Shaanxi province: Baoji city (Fengxiang county, Jintai district, Mei county), Hanzhong city (Chenggu county, Hantai district), Shangluo city (Shangzhou district, Zhen'an county), Weinan city (Chengcheng county, Tongguan county, Pucheng county), and Xianyang city (Sanyuan county, Jingyang county). Questionnaires, physical examinations, and laboratory tests were conducted. The detection rates of different subtypes of CVD high-risk populations in Shaanxi province were calculated, and a multifactorial unconditional logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of the detection of different subtypes of CVD high-risk populations.

Results Among the 168 379 permanent residents aged ≥35 years finally included in the analysis in Shaanxi province, 60 197 were identified as high-risk for CVD, with a detection rate of 35.75%. Among them, 8 611, 27 047, 28 995, 6 632, 3 310, and 5 737 individuals were identified as having a history of CVD, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, heavy smoking, and World Health Organization (WHO) assessed risk, respectively, with detection rates of 5.11%, 16.06%, 17.22%, 3.94%, 1.97%, and 3.41%, respectively. Multifactorial unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that age ≥45 years, smoking, alcohol consumption, snoring, daytime fatigue or sleepiness, overweight with normal waist circumference (WC), normal body mass index (BMI) with high WC, both high BMI and WC, and a family history of hypertension, diabetes, CVD, and hypercholesterolemia were risk factors for the detection of high-risk CVD populations, while female sex and middle and high socioeconomic status (SES) were protective factors. Age ≥45 years, snoring, fatigue and sleepiness, overweight with normal WC, normal BMI with high WC, both high BMI and WC, and a family history of hypertension, diabetes, CVD, and cancer were risk factors for the detection of high-risk CVD history populations, while female sex, smoking, alcohol consumption, and a family history of hypercholesterolemia were protective factors. Female sex, age ≥45 years, alcohol consumption, snoring, fatigue and sleepiness, overweight with normal WC, normal BMI with high WC, both high BMI and WC, and a family history of hypertension and hypercholesterolemia were risk factors for the detection of high-risk hypertension populations, while high SES, smoking, and a family history of diabetes were protective factors. Age ≥45 years, sleep snoring, fatigue and drowsiness, excessive BMI with normal WC, normal BMI with excessive WC, both excessive BMI and WC, family history of hypertension, family history of diabetes were risk factors for the diabetes subtype, and female, moderate and high SES and smoking were protective factors. Age ≥55 years, smoking, sleep snoring, excessive BMI with normal WC, normal BMI with excessive WC, both BMI and WC, family history of hypertension, family history of diabetes, and family history of hypercholesterolemia were risk factors for dyslipidemia subtype, and female, moderate and high SES, alcohol consumption, and family history of CVD were protective factors. Age 45 to 64 years, smoking, alcohol consumption, sleep snoring, fatigue and sleepiness, excessive BMI but normal WC, normal BMI but excessive WC, both BMI and WC and family history of diabetes were risk factors for heavy smoking subtype, and female and high SES were protective factors. Women, age ≥45 years, smoking, alcohol consumption, sleep snoring, fatigue and sleepiness, excessive BMI with normal WC, normal BMI with excessive WC, both BMI and WC with excessive BMI, and family history of hypertension, family history of diabetes, and family history of hypercholesterolemia were risk factors for WHO risk assessment subtype, and high SES was a protective factor.

Conclusions In Shaanxi province, the detection rate of CVD in high-risk groups was high, and hypertension and diabetes were the main CVD high risk subtypes. Gender, age, SES, smoking status, alcohol consumption status, sleep snoring status, fatigue and sleepiness status, BMI and WC status, and family history of hypertension, diabetes, CVD, hypercholesterolemia, and cancer were the main influencing factors for the detection rate of CVD in high-risk groups in this area.