Abstract: Brucellosis incidence has been rising in China in recent years, and its geographical distribution has been expanding, making it a pressing public health issue. Understanding the epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis and establishing reliable prediction models are crucial for effective early warning and forecasting. This review summarizes recent research findings on the spatiotemporal distribution of brucellosis in China and commonly used prediction models, aiming to provide data and technical support for improving the scientific prevention and control of brucellosis.