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河南省2012—2021年出生儿童含百日咳成分疫苗预防接种及时率分析

The timely vaccination rate of pertussis-containing vaccines among children born in Henan province from 2012 to 2021: a surveillance data analysis

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的  分析河南省2012—2021年出生儿童含百日咳成分疫苗接种的及时性，为百日咳疫情防控提供依据。
    方法  通过河南省免疫规划信息管理系统收集2012—2021年含百日咳成分的疫苗接种信息，描述性分析河南省含百日咳成分疫苗的及时接种率。
    结果  2012—2021年河南省共出生14 890 226名儿童，2012—2021年含百日咳成分疫苗平均接种率逐步提高，从2012年的93.92%上升到2021年的98.82%，从2016年开始平均接种率持续维持在98%以上。2012—2021年含百日咳成分疫苗的合计接种率随着接种剂次的增加而下降，第1至第4剂次的接种率分别为97.32%、96.82%、96.46%和94.62%。2012—2021年含百日咳成分疫苗1个月内及时接种率随着接种剂次的增加逐渐下降，第1至第4剂次的1个月内及时接种率分别为81.26%、68.43%、54.83%和42.74%。2012—2021年含百日咳成分疫苗第1剂次非免疫规划疫苗替代率为0.60%～21.95%；第2剂次为0.50%～21.80%；第3剂次为0.57%～21.48%；第4剂次为0.47%～20.77%。
    结论 河南省含百日咳成分疫苗接种率长期稳定维持在较高水平，但及时接种率尤其是第3剂次与第4剂次亟待进一步提升；提升含百日咳成分疫苗的及时接种率将是实现百日咳有效控制的重要手段。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To analyze the timeliness of pertussis-containing vaccine (PCV) uptake among children born in Henan province from 2012 to 2021 and to provide a basis for pertussis prevention and control.
    Methods PCV uptake information from 2012 to 2021 was collected through the Henan Provincial Immunization Program Information Management System, and the timely vaccination rate of PCVs in Henan province was descriptively analyzed.
    Results A total of 14 890 226 children were born in Henan province from 2012 to 2021. The average PCV uptake rate gradually increased from 93.92% in 2012 to 98.82% in 2021, and has remained above 98% since 2016. The overall PCV uptake rate from 2012 to 2021 decreased with increasing doses, with rates of 97.32%, 96.82%, 96.46%, and 94.62% for the first to fourth doses, respectively. The timely PCV uptake rate within one month from 2012 to 2021 also gradually decreased with increasing doses, with rates of 81.26%, 68.43%, 54.83%, and 42.74% for the first to fourth doses, respectively. The non-National Immunization Program (NIP) vaccine replacement rate for PCV doses 1 to 4 ranged from 0.60% to 21.95%, 0.50% to 21.80%, 0.57% to 21.48%, and 0.47% to 20.77%, respectively.
    Conclusions The PCV uptake rate in Henan province has remained stable at a high level for a long time, but the timely vaccination rate, especially for the third and fourth doses, needs to be further improved. Increasing the timely PCV uptake rate will be an important measure for effective pertussis control.

     

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