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广州市中学生和大学生对加热型烟草制品知晓、使用及尝试态度调查

Survey on the awareness, use of and attitude of trying heated tobacco products in middle school and college students in Guangzhou city: a cross-sectional survey

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 了解广东省广州市中学生及大学生对加热型烟草制品（HTP）的知晓率、使用率和尝试态度。
    方法 于2024年1—3月，采取分层整群随机抽样法，对广州市10 069名中学生和大学生进行自填问卷调查，收集一般资料、吸烟状况、吸烟严重度指数、HTP知晓情况、曾经使用情况、当前使用情况、尝试使用HTP态度、尝试使用HTP原因等信息，并对资料进行计量、对比和关联规则分析。
    结果 共获取有效问卷8 377份。受访学生现在吸烟率为4.64%。HTP知晓情况方面，“听说过”和“见到过”的比例分别为27.40%和21.11%，现在吸烟者（“听说过”为38.30%，“见到过”为37.53%）、大学生（“听说过”为32.26%，“见到过”为24.14%）对HTP的知晓率更高（P<0.05）。使用情况方面，HTP曾经使用率为0.13%，当前使用率为0.08%。现在吸烟者中，重度烟草依赖且家人亲朋中有吸烟者的男性（5.77%）、经济状况低于平均水平的大学生（8.57%）当前使用HTP的概率高于整体（1.80%）。在尝试态度方面，“非常感兴趣”和“有点感兴趣”的比例分别为3.41%和4.72%，“对健康的危害比较小”“单纯喜欢，没有什么原因”“好奇”和“可以减少吸烟量”是尝试使用HTP最常见的主要原因，分别占24.67%、24.23%、13.36%和10.28%。对尝试HTP非常感兴趣和有点感兴趣的大学生（4.72%、8.32%）、现在吸烟者（11.57%、18.51%）比例更大（均P<0.05）。经济状况高于平均水平且家人亲朋有吸烟者的从不吸烟者（21.37%）、重度烟草依赖的现在吸烟者（25.86%）对尝试使用HTP感兴趣的概率高于整体。
    结论 广州市中学生及大学生HTP使用率极低，反映我国控烟工作取得成效，但挑战仍然存在。需要继续禁止HTP的销售和传播，并分别从学校政策、教师和校医、学生层面进一步开展对学生群体，尤其是其中特殊群体的控烟工作。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To investigate the awareness, use, and attitudes toward heated tobacco products (HTPs) among middle and college students in Guangzhou city, Guangdong province.
    Methods From January to March 2024, a stratified cluster random sampling method was used to conduct a self-administered questionnaire survey among 10 069 middle and college students in Guangzhou city. The survey collected information on demographics, smoking status, smoking severity index, HTP awareness, ever-use, current use, attitudes toward trying HTPs, and reasons for trying HTPs. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, comparative analysis, and association rule mining.
    Results A total of 8 377 valid questionnaires were collected. The current smoking rate among the surveyed students was 4.64%. Regarding HTP awareness, 27.40% had "heard of" HTPs and 21.11% had "seen" them. Current smokers (38.30% "heard of", 37.53% "seen") and college students (32.26% "heard of", 24.14% "seen") had higher HTP awareness (P<0.05). The ever-use rate of HTPs was 0.13%, and the current use rate was 0.08%. Among current smokers, males with severe tobacco dependence and smoking family members or friends (5.77%) and college students with below-average economic status (8.57%) had a higher probability of current HTP use than the overall rate (1.80%). Regarding attitudes toward trying HTPs, 3.41% were "very interested" and 4.72% were "somewhat interested." The most common reasons for trying HTPs were "less harmful to health" (24.67%), "simply like it, no particular reason" (24.23%), "curiosity" (13.36%), and "can reduce smoking" (10.28%). College students (4.72% "very interested", 8.32% "somewhat interested") and current smokers (11.57% "very interested", 18.51% "somewhat interested") showed greater interest in trying HTPs (all P<0.05). Never-smokers with above-average economic status and smoking family members or friends (21.37%) and current smokers with severe tobacco dependence (25.86%) had a higher probability of being interested in trying HTPs than the overall population.
    Conclusions The extremely low HTP use rate among middle and college students in Guangzhou city reflects the effectiveness of tobacco control efforts in China, but challenges remain. Continued efforts are needed to prohibit the sale and promotion of HTPs and to further strengthen tobacco control efforts for students, especially specific subgroups, through school policies, teacher and school doctor training, and student-targeted interventions.

     

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