Abstract: Artificial light, while playing a crucial role in enhancing productivity and enriching nightlife, has also given rise to the public health issue of excessive nighttime light exposure. This issue primarily manifests as a disruption of natural light cycles, leading to circadian rhythm disorders in humans, negatively impacting sleep quality, mood, and cardiovascular health. Consequently, it has been recognized as a novel environmental pollutant. Pregnant women, as a group highly sensitive to environmental pollution, have garnered significant attention regarding their health status. This review aims to explore the current status of nighttime light exposure, assessment methods, and its potential impacts on pregnant women and newborns, along with the underlying mechanisms, in order to provide scientific theoretical support for preventing excessive nighttime light exposure and promoting maternal and child health.