Abstract: Since the government initiated an ultrasound-based mass breast cancer screening program for rural women in 2009, both the coverage rate of breast cancer screening and the five-year survival rate have shown a steady increase. However, the rising trend of breast cancer incidence and mortality in China has not yet been effectively curbed. This may be related to the low knowledge rate of breast cancer, the poor performance of current breast cancer screening technology, and the imperfection of the comprehensive prevention and control system encompassing screening, diagnosis, and treatment. In the future, we should strengthen the health education of vulnerable groups, carry out high-quality breast cancer prevention and control research on the application of innovative technology, and establish a comprehensive prevention and control strategy for breast cancer suitable for China's national conditions.