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中国老年人社会融合与认知功能关系：基于CHARLS数据的交叉滞后模型分析

Association between social inclusion and cognitive function in older Chinese adults: a cross-lagged analysis using CHARLS data

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 分析中国老年人社会融合与认知功能的关系，为促进社会融合降低老年人认知障碍发生风险提供理论依据。
    方法 收集中国健康与养老追踪调查（CHARLS）2015年（T1期）、2018年（T2期）和2020年（T3期）中5 464名≥60岁老年人认知功能和社会融合（经济融合、关系融合、社区融合）的相关数据。应用交叉滞后模型分析T1~T3期老年人社会融合对认知功能变化的影响。
    结果 纳入分析的5 464名≥60岁老年人T1、T2和T3期的认知功能总分分别为（14.11±5.26）、（12.55±6.17）和（12.14±5.99）分；社会融合总分分别为（2.15±1.06）、（1.73±0.85）和（1.64±0.87）分；在控制性别、年龄和文化程度等混杂因素后，老年人T1期和T2期社会融合总分对T2期和T3期认知功能总分均有正向作用（β′=0.019和0.017，均P<0.01）；T1期和T2期社区融合得分对T2期和T3期认知功能总分均有正向作用（β′=0.016和0.016，均P<0.05），T1期认知功能总分可分别正向预测T2期社会融合总分、经济融合得分、关系融合得分和社区融合得分（β′=0.051、0.023、0.025和0.057，均P<0.05）；T2期认知功能总分可分别正向预测T3期社会融合总分、经济融合得分、关系融合得分和社区融合得分（β′=0.063、0.031、0.027和0.075，均P<0.05）。
    结论 老年人良好的社会融合可保护其认知功能，特别是社区融合；老年人良好的认知功能亦可促进社会融合。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To analyze the relationship between social inclusion and cognitive function of older adults in China and provide a theoretical basis for future research on reducing the risk of cognitive impairment in older adults through social inclusion interventions.
    Methods Data were collected from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2015 (T1), 2018 (T2), and 2020 (T3), which measured cognitive function and social inclusion (economic inclusion, relational inclusion, and community inclusion) of 5 464 elderly people aged of and above 60. A cross-lagged model was adopted to analyze the effect of social inclusion on changes in cognitive function of older adults from T1 to T3.
    Results The 5 464 people aged of and above 60 included in the analysis showed the total cognitive function scores of (14.11 ± 5.26), (12.55 ± 6.17), and (12.14 ± 5.99) and total social inclusion scores of (2.15 ± 1.06), (1.73 ± 0.85), and (1.64 ± 0.87) in T1, T2, and T3 periods, respectively. After the control of confounding factors such as sex, age, and education, the total social inclusion scores in T1 and T2 could positively predict the total cognitive function scores in T2 and T3 (β′ = 0.019 and 0.017, both P < 0.01), respectively. The community inclusion scores in T1 and T2 could positively predict the total cognitive function scores in T2 and T3 (β′ = 0.016 and 0.016, both P < 0.05), respectively. The total cognitive function score in T1 could positively predict the total social inclusion score, economic inclusion score, relational inclusion score, and community inclusion score (β′ = 0.051, 0.023, 0.025, and 0.057, all P < 0.05) in T2. The total cognitive function score in T2 could positively predict the total social inclusion score, economic inclusion score, relational inclusion score, and community inclusion score (β′ = 0.063. 0.031, 0.027, and 0.075, all P < 0.05) in T3.
    Conclusions Good social inclusion of older adults can protect their cognitive function, especially community inclusion, and good cognitive function of older adults can promote social inclusion.

     

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