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西藏高原地区中老年人静息心率与代谢性综合征关系

Relationship between resting heart rate and metabolic syndrome in middle-aged and elderly individuals in plateau regions

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 探究高原地区中老年人静息心率（ RHR） 与代谢综合征（MS）之间的关系，为阐明静息心率对代谢综合征的影响机制提供科学依据。
    方法 于2021年6月—2022年12月，采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法，在西藏地区选取6 269名中老年人作为研究对象，根据静息心率的四分位数分布，将研究对象分为Q1组RHR<66.5、Q2组66.5≤RHR ≤73.0、Q3组73.1≤RHR≤80.5和Q4组RHR>80.5 次/分 4组，通过非条件logistic回归分析，探究静息心率与代谢综合征之间的潜在联系。
    结果  6 269名中老年人代谢综合征总体患病率为22.35%，不同静息心率组患病率不同，Q1～Q4组分别为17.12%、20.24%、22.77%和29.48%，差异有统计学意义（χ2=74.934，P<0.001）；在调整了性别、年龄、饮酒及体质量指数（BMI）后，与RHR<66.5次/分组相比，73.1≤RHR≤80.5 次/分组的代谢综合征患病风险显著上升（OR=1.371，95%CI= 1.121～1.678），而RHR>80.5 次/分组的患病风险大幅增加（OR=2.027，95%CI=1.672～2.482）。性别和年龄分层分析显示，男性73.1≤RHR≤80.5次/分和RHR>80.5次/分组的患病风险分别增加37.0%（OR= 1.370，95%CI=1.024～1.832）和137.9%（OR=2.379，95%CI=1.803～3.139）；女性相应风险分别增加36.6%（OR=1.366，95%CI=1.030～1.810）和76.4%（OR=1.764，95%CI=1.328～2.343）。当RHR>80.5次/分时，除70～75岁人群外，其他年龄组的代谢综合征患病风险均显著升高，其中40～49岁人群的患病风险最高（OR=2.777，95%CI=1.922～4.010）。
    结论 高原地区中老年人静息心率若>80.5 次/分会显著增加代谢综合征的患病风险，且男性及40～49岁人群患病风险更高；静息心率可能是代谢综合征的重要预测指标，需要进一步关注其在不同人群中的影响机制。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To investigate the relationship between resting heart rate (RHR) and metabolic syndrome (MS) in middle-aged and elderly individuals residing in plateau regions, and to provide new scientific evidence for elucidating the influence of RHR on the mechanism of MS.
    Methods From June 2021 to December 2022, a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was employed to select 6 269 middle-aged and elderly individuals in Xizang Autonomous Region. Based on the quartile distribution of RHR, the participants were divided into four groups: Q1 (RHR < 66.5 beats/min), Q2 (66.5 ≤ RHR ≤ 73.0 beats/min), Q3 (73.1 ≤ RHR ≤ 80.5 beats/min), and Q4 (RHR > 80.5 beats/min). Unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to explore the potential association between RHR and MS.
    Results The overall prevalence of MS among the 6 269 middle-aged and elderly individuals was 22.35%. The prevalence varied across different RHR groups: 17.12% in Q1, 20.24% in Q2, 22.77% in Q3, and 29.48% in Q4, with statistically significant differences (χ2 = 74.934, P < 0.001). After adjusting for sex, age, alcohol consumption, and body mass index (BMI), compared with the RHR < 66.5 beats/min group, the risk of MS was significantly elevated in the 73.1 ≤ RHR ≤ 80.5 beats/min group (OR = 1.371, 95%CI: 1.121 - 1.678) and substantially increased in the RHR > 80.5 beats/min group (OR = 2.027, 95%CI: 1.672 - 2.482). Stratified analysis by sex and age revealed that in males, the risk of MS increased by 37.0% (OR = 1.370, 95%CI: 1.024 - 1.832) and 137.9% (OR = 2.379, 95%CI: 1.803 - 3.139) in the 73.1 ≤ RHR ≤ 80.5 beats/min and RHR > 80.5 beats/min groups, respectively. In females, the corresponding risks increased by 36.6% (OR = 1.366, 95%CI: 1.030 - 1.810) and 76.4% (OR = 1.764, 95%CI:1.328 - 2.343), respectively. When RHR > 80.5 beats/min, the risk of MS was significantly elevated in all age groups except for the 70 - 75 age group, with the highest risk observed in the 40 - 49 age group (OR = 2.777, 95%CI: 1.922 - 4.010).
    Conclusions An RHR > 80.5 beats/min significantly increases the risk of MS in middle-aged and elderly individuals in plateau regions, with higher risks observed in males and individuals aged 40 - 49. RHR may be an important predictor of MS, and further investigation into its influence mechanisms in different populations is warranted.

     

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