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2023年上海市浦东新区食品产气荚膜梭菌分子特征分析：基于监测数据

Molecular characterization of Clostridium perfringens in food products from Pudong New Area, Shanghai in 2023: based on surveillance data

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 了解上海浦东新区食品中产气荚膜梭菌（C.perfringens）的检出情况及分子特征，为C.perfringens的风险评估和预防控制提供科学依据。
    方法 2023年每月从浦东新区东明、塘桥等6个监测点随机采集集贸市场、超市等生熟食品样本111份，全年共采集样本1 332份，经亚硫酸盐–多粘菌素–磺胺嘧啶（SPS）琼脂和哥伦比亚血琼脂分离C.perfringens。利用二代测序技术获得菌株的全基因组序列，基于VFDB数据库、PubMLST数据库、CGE ResFinder耐药基因数据库进行毒力基因、多位点序列分型（MLST）和耐药基因分析，基于单核苷酸多态性（SNPs）绘制进化树。
    结果 2023年浦东新区食品中C.perfringens检出率为5.78%（77/1 332），均来源于肉及肉制品，其中禽肉类检出率最高（20.14%，29/144）。耐药基因检出9种，tetA（P）携带率最高（89.61%，69/77）。毒力基因中plc基因携带率为100%，cpb2基因携带率为74.03%（57/77）。77株C.perfringens分为63个ST型别。多株菌株与深圳市、武汉市人源菌株亲缘关系较近。
    结论 浦东新区肉及肉制品中C.perfringens分离菌株携带多种毒力及耐药相关基因，存在一定食品安全风险。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective  To reveal the detection status and molecular characteristics of Clostridium perfringens in food in Pudong New Area, providing a scientific basis for the risk assessment and prevention of this pathogen.
    Methods In 2023, 111 samples of raw and cooked food were randomly collected monthly from traditional markets and supermarkets at six monitoring sites (Dongming, Tangqiao, etc.) in Pudong New Area, totaling 1 332 samples across the year. C. perfringens was isolated via sulfite-polymyxin-sulfadiazine (SPS) agar and Columbia blood agar. Next-generation sequencing was employed to obtain the whole genome sequences of the strains. Virulence genes, multi-locus sequence typing (MLST), and drug resistance genes were analyzed based on VFDB, PubMLST, and CGE ResFinder. A phylogenetic tree was established based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).
    Results In 2023, the detection rate of C. perfringens in food in Pudong New Area was 5.78% (77/1 332). All positive samples were meat and meat products, and the detection rate in poultry meat was the highest (28.57%, 29/144). Nine antibiotic resistance genes were detected and the carriage rate of tetA(P) was the highest (89.61%, 69/77). All the isolates carried plc, while 74.03% (57/77) carried cpb2. The 77 isolates were classified into 63 sequence types (STs), with multiple strains clustering closely with human-derived isolates from Shenzhen and Wuhan.
    Conclusions Isolates of Clostridium perfringens from meat and meat products in Pudong New Area carry diverse virulence factors and antibiotic resistance genes, indicating potential food safety risks.

     

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