Abstract: Scientific allocation and optimization of public health resources can promote the efficiency and quality of AIDS prevention and control work. The Optima HIV, a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) resource allocation analysis tool, provides technical support for HIV resource allocation and optimization by describing the epidemic situation, analyzing the relationship between health inputs and health outputs, and exploring the optimal allocation of HIV prevention and control intervention resources. This article reviews the Optima HIV software from five aspects: research and development background, theoretical framework, tool modules, parameter structure, and global application, to provide a reference for AIDS prevention and control and scientific resource allocation in China.