Objective  To analyze the comprehensive feedback of supervised subjects on health supervision work and their experiential perceptions in the new era and explore the key influencing factors, thereby providing a scientific basis for optimizing health supervision practices and enhancing regulatory efficacy.

Methods In November 2024, a convenience sampling method was employed to survey 3 156 supervised subjects across four types of institutions (public venues, medical institutions, schools/childcare facilities, and enterprises) in economically developed eastern regions of China. The survey covered basic demographics, awareness levels, supervision and re-inspection experiences, training and guidance received, regulatory compliance and enforcement intensity, satisfaction levels, and cooperation. Satisfaction was used as the core indicator to assess experiential perceptions. On the basis of an overall analysis of feedback and experiential perceptions, univariate analysis and multivariate linear regression were employed to identify key influencing factors.

Results Among the 3 156 supervised subjects, 955 (30.3%), 1 085 (34.4%), and 1 116 (35.3%) were in central urban areas, suburban areas, and outer suburban areas, respectively. Regarding institutional types, the 3 156 supervised subjects included 1 335 (42.3%) in public venues, 617 (19.6%) in enterprises, 611 (19.4%) in schools/childcare facilities, and 593 (18.8%) in medical institutions. Overall, 51.1% of the total supervised subjects, 58.4% in central urban areas, and 54.5% in public venues stated that they completely understood the laws and regulations of their industry, and 48.1% of the total supervised subjects, 51.9% in central urban areas, and 51.3% in medical institutions believed that it was very easy to obtain the relevant information. Additionally, 81.5% of respondents perceived the enforcement process as highly standardized. The overall satisfaction score for health supervision work was (4.73 ± 0.51), with the supervised subjects in schools/childcare facilities scoring highest (4.77 ± 0.47) and those in enterprises lower (4.71 ± 0.51). The supervised subjects in central urban areas (4.79 ± 0.46) had higher satisfaction scores than those in suburban areas (4.70 ± 0.54) and outer suburban areas (4.70 ± 0.51) (both P < 0.05). Multivariate regression analysis revealed that key factors influencing experiential perceptions included enforcement standardization (β = 0.580, P < 0.001), awareness of laws and regulations (β = 0.039, P = 0.004), ease of information access (β = 0.062, P < 0.001), and understanding of responsibilities (β = 0.095, P < 0.001), all showing significant positive effects, while penalty history (β = −0.100, P = 0.007) had a negative effect.

Conclusions In the new era, supervised subjects generally exhibit favorable awareness and feedback of health supervision work, with positive experiential perceptions. However, significant disparities exist across different areas and institution types, with higher evaluations from central urban areas and schools/childcare facilities and lower evaluations from suburban areas and enterprises.