Abstract: While China has established a comprehensive whole-process management system covering blood collection, testing, and allocation for its non-remunerated blood donation system, the contradiction between blood supply and demand has become increasingly prominent against the backdrop of deepening population aging and growing demand for medical services, creating a blood shortage crisis. This paper analyzes the causes of this crisis and concludes that the crisis arises from factors such as public misperceptions and distrust, disorderly cost control across the blood supply chain, and an imperfect rights protection system. It proposes targeted solutions: recommending the use of legal mechanisms to address policy implementation discrepancies, enhancing the transparency of blood management to rebuild public trust, and optimizing blood allocation efficiency to tackle geographical disparities. These measures are essential to safeguard and enhance the value of China′s non-remunerated blood donation system.