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整建制卫生应急援外队伍行前准备机制研究:以缅甸地震灾后中国卫生防疫援助为例

Pre-departure preparation mechanisms of complete-formation health emergency teams for overseas assistance: a case study of epidemic prevention assistance after the earthquake in Myanmar

  • 摘要: 整建制卫生应急援外任务的行前准备质量,直接决定队伍跨境救援的响应效率与现场工作效能。本文以2025年国家卫生应急移动防疫中心(云南)执行缅甸“3•28”地震灾后卫生防疫援助任务为案例,系统梳理整建制卫生应急援外队伍行前准备的核心要素,深入分析队员抽组、物资集成、国际运输等关键环节的主要做法,针对跨境救援面临的安全风险叠加、资源补给脆弱、跨文化沟通障碍等现实挑战,提出行前准备工作流程化与模块化管理、多部门应急协同联动机制化与常态化,应急队伍物资建设标准化与集成化等优化策略,以期为我国卫生应急队伍整建制援外行前准备提供参考与借鉴。

     

    Abstract: The quality of pre-departure preparation of complete-formation health emergency teams for overseas assistance directly determines the response efficiency and on-site operational effectiveness in cross-border rescue missions. Taking the post-disaster epidemic prevention assistance mission undertaken by the National Mobile Health Emergency Center for Infectious Diseases (Yunnan) for the earthquake in Myanmar on March 28, 2025 as a case, this paper systematically sorts out the core elements of the pre-departure preparations of emergency medical teams for overseas missions and conducts an in-depth analysis of the key practices in key links including member selection and team assembly, material integration and international transportation. In response to the practical challenges, such as the superposition of safety risks, fragility of resource supply, and cross-cultural communication barriers, faced in cross-border rescue, this paper proposes countermeasures including procedural and modular management of pre-departure preparation, institutionalized and normalized multi-department emergency coordination and linkage mechanisms, and standardized and integrated material development for health emergency teams, aiming to provide theoretical references and practical models for the pre-departure preparations of complete-formation health emergency teams for overseas assistance missions.

     

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