Abstract: The two factors factorial design principle was adopted to study the changes of trace elements in rats by founding the experimental model of environmental tobacco smoke(ETS),and iodine deficiency(ID).The results showed that the synergistic effect decreased the contents of Se,I,Zn in thyroid,Se Li in liver and Cu in serum.But the contents of I,Cu in liver were increased due to the joint action.Ant ETS factor decreased the contents of I,Se,Zn in thyroid,Se Zn in brain,but increased the content of I in liver.The contents of I,Se,Zn in thyroid,Se Li in liver were decreased and Cu,Zn in liver were increased by ID factor The result indicated that the joint action of ETS and ID can affect the metabolism of some trace elements,especially the normal storage and employmnet of Se and I.Therefore,it should be considered rationally when the result of making up for iodine is not very effective.