Abstract: Objective To realize the status of occupational hygiene and prevent the adverse effect of rush mat dust.Methods Questionnaires were processed on the workers,working in small-size and medium-size enterprises.The dust concentration of rush dust in workplace was determined.Results The mean general dust concentration was 20.88mg/m³ and the respirable dust concentration reaches 8.38mg/m³.The dust pollution was serious,especially in store plants and selected plants.However,workers were not covered by respirators.44.5% of workers have the habit of smoking.The occurrence rates of cough and expectorate was over 10%.There was a relationship between the respiratory symptoms and smoking,shift,work duration.Conclusion The dust pollution is so much serious that some preventive and controlling measures must be taken.