Abstract: With the development of industrialization and urbanization in China,the potential impact of heavy metal pollution on the environment and human health attracts attentions of the public increasingly.A large number of researches have provided evidences that the exposure to cadmium (Cd),lead (Pb) in common areas is safer,but there exists high intake of heavy metal in some areas.In addition,the exposure to Cd,Pb in highly polluted area is more serious.The acute and chronic diseases caused by Cd or Pd could exert a serious threat to human health.The exposure to Cd can lead to multiple organ injuries including renal toxicity,bone damage,neurotoxicity,cardiovascular damage,diabetes,and cancer.And health hazards caused by Pd involve neurological,immune,blood,reproductive endocrinology,and digestive systems.The progress in biomarkers of exposure to Cd,Pd is mainly based on the development of analytical methods such as metabolomics,but there still lacks more authoritative new indicators.