Abstract: Objective To revise the Chinese version Patient Dignity Inventory (PDI) and to assess its reliability and validity for the application of PDI in China.Methods Interview and questionnaire survey were adopted to revise theoretic structure of Chinese version PDI and then palliative cancer patients were recruited from two cancer hospitals in Shanxi province and administered with the revised Chinese version PDI.Results The revised Chinese version PDI showed a good degree of item distinction and the correlation coefficients ranged from 0.270 to 0.768 for all the items except for item 22.Cronbach's coefficient alpha and split-half reliability of the revised Chinese version PDI was 0.924 and 0.885.Confirmatory factor analysis suggested that the model was legitimate,with the χ²/df value of 2.32,comparative fit index of 0.93,non-normed fit index of 0.89,incremental fit index of 0.92,and normed fit index of 0.93,respectively.The total score of the revised Chinese version PDI was reversely correlated with the scores of five functional domains and general health and quality-of-life of European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30),but positively correlated with the scores of fatigue,nausea,vomiting,pain,dyspnea,sleep disturbance,appetite loss,and financial impact of EORTC QLQ-C30(all P<0.01);in addition,the total score of the revised Chinese version PDI was positively correlated with the scores of anxiety and depression of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (all P<0.01).Conclusion The revised Chinese version PDI presents satisfactory reliability and validity when administered in palliative cancer patients and could be used as a useful testing tool in dignity research in palliative cancer patients.