Abstract: Objective To observe the effect of optimized dietary pattern with organic naked oat with whole germ（ ONOG） on the serum lipids level in type 2 diabetes mellitus（ T2DM） patients with high cholesterol. Methods After a survey with Food Frequency Questionnaire,201 participants were randomly assigned to a nornal control group（ group N） and the other 3 diet-intervention groups named group A,B,and C. Besides receiving structured dietary control,group C took 100 g ONOG daily instead of equivalent stable grain,along with group B and A taking 50 and 0 g ONOG instead of equaivalent stable grain,while group N just took normal health education during the intervention. Before and after the intervention of 30 days,fasting plasma samples were analyzed for total cholesterol（ TC）,triacylglycerol（ TG）,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（ LDL-C）,and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（ HDL-C）. Anthropometry parameters were measured by special personnel. Results The levels of TC of the 4 groups decreased significantly after the intervention（ P ＜0. 05 for all）. TG concentration had a significant reduction in the three diet-intervention groups（ P ＜0. 05） and LDL-C of group B and C also decreased（ P ＜ 0. 05）. Compared with group N,the level of TC and LDL-C of group C decreased significantly（ P ＜ 0. 05）,but were higher than those of group B（ P ＞ 0. 05）,while the TC of group B declined much more than that of group A. TC / HDLC and non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol（ non HDL-C） declined significantly than those of group A（ P ＜ 0. 05 for all）. Better improvement was observed in group A compared to group N in TC,TG,and LDL-C and group C had significant reduction in weight and body mass index（ BMI） than any other group（ P ＜0. 05）. Conclusion Moderate ONOG can be taken as a better choice for improving the dietary composition and the level of serum cholesterol. Adding 100 g other than 50 g ONOG instead of stable grain may more effectively improve TC,TG,and LDL-C in T2DM patients with elevated cholesterol.