Abstract: Objective To examine the risk factors of gastric carcinoma among Tibetan people living in Tibet plateau,and to provide reference for making effective strategy to prevent gastric carcinoma. Methods A 1: 1 matched casecontrol study was conducted among 116 new diagnosed gastric cancer patients and 116 healthy physical examinees over the same period in Tibet Region People’s Hospital with a questionnaire survey. Results Univariate logistic regression analyses showed that the main risk factors for gastric cancer in the high-altitude region were sulking（ odds rationOR=2. 812）,smoking（ OR = 1. 908）,eating disorders（ OR = 2. 484）,chronic gastritis（ OR = 2. 164）,gastric ulcer（ OR =2. 105）,family history of tumor（ OR = 3. 367）,high-salt diet（ 2. 792）,rough food（ OR = 2. 337）,and dry and hard food（ OR =3. 164）. Multiyariate logistic regression analyses showed that the main risk factors for gastric carcinoma in the high-altitude region were eating disorders（ OR = 2. 912,95% confidence interval95% CI: 1. 099- 7. 718）,taking dry and hard food for a long time（ OR = 2. 580,95% CI: 1. 155- 5. 765）,salty food（ OR = 2. 653,95% CI: 1. 287- 5. 469）,history of chronic gastritis（ OR = 2. 254,95% CI: 1. 410- 4. 419） and family history of cancer（ OR = 3. 356,95% CI:1. 167- 9. 652）. Conclusion The incidence of gastric carcinoma in plateau area may correlate with unhealthy dietary habit,long-time history of chronic gastric diseases,and familial history of carcinoma. Specific preventive measures should be taken to control the disease according to the unique local condition.