Abstract: Objective To study the anti-lipid peroxidative effect of Rhaponticum uniflorum water extract(RUWE).Methods The total antioxidant activity was determined with ferric reducing method and the malonyldialdehyde(MDA) content of H₂O₂,Fe²⁺ or Fe²⁺+H₂O₂-induced liver homogenate was detected with thiobarbituric acid(TBA)method.Results RUWE exerted a high general antioxidant capacity in a concentration-dependent manner with a regeression equation of y=4.4759x+7.0463,R²=0.9958,and concentration-dependently inhibited the lipid peroxidation of liver tissue induced by H₂O₂,Fe²⁺ and Fe²⁺+H₂O₂ with the median inhibitive concentration(IC50)of 0.775,0.886,and 1.99 mg/mL,respectively.Conclusion RUWE has anti-lipid peroxidative effect in vitro.