Abstract: Objective To investigate the association between genetic polymorphism of microsatellite D6S289, D6S1610 and schizophrenia in Han population in Jiangxi province. Methods Genomic DNA was isolated from the blood samples of 306 schizophrenia patients from Jiangxi Psychiatric Hospital and 248 healthy persons taking physical examination in Jiangxi Province Chinese Medicine Hospital.The association between D6S289,D6S1610 microsatellite loci and schizophrenia was analyzed. Results Of the healthy control group,the observed values and expected values of D6S289 and D6S1610 alleles were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.Detection rate of D6S289-213 bp in schizophrenia group was 8.3%,and 0.0% in the control group,with significantly different gene frequency(χ²=39.854, P=0.000),indicatiing that D6S289-213 bp might be a schizophrenia risk gene.Detection rate of D6S289-215 bp in schizophrenia group was 5.7% and 11.8% in the control group,with significanlty different gene frequency (χ²=12.320,P=0.000;odds ratioOR=0.45),indicating that D6S289-215 bp might be a schizophrenia protective gene.Detection rate of D6S289-223 bp in schizophrenia group was 3.6% and 6.6% in the control group,with significantly different gene frequency(χ²=4.661,P=0.031,OR=0.54),suggesting that D6S289-223 bp might be a schizophrenia protective gene.Detection rate of D6S1610-127 in schizophrenia group was 32.4% and 38.5% in the control group,with significantly different gene frequency(χ²=4.296,P=0.038,OR=0.76),suggesting that the gene might be a schizophrenia protective gene.Detection rate of D6S1610-131 bp in schizophrenia group was 1.5% and 5.4% in the control group,with signifecantly different gene frequency(χ²=13.160,P=0.000,OR=0.26),suggesting that the gene might be a schizophrenia protective gene.Detection rate of D6S1610-133 in schizophrenia group was 28.4% and 21.6% in the control group,with significantly different gene frequency(χ²=6.270,P=0.012,OR=1.44),suggesting that the gene might be a schizophrenia risk gene.The detection rate of D6S1610-137 bp was 4.4% in schizophrenia group and 0.7% in the control group,with significantly different gene frequency(χ²=13.013,P=0.000,OR=6.55), suggesting that the gene may be a risk gene of schizophrenia.Other allele frequencies between the two groups were not significantly different(P>0.05). Conclusion Gene susceptibility to schizophrenia of Han population in Jiangxi province may exist near the microsatellite loci D6S289 and D6S1610 in chromosome 6.