Abstract: Objective To explore family influencing factors of the behavior problems among primary school students. Methods Questionaire research was conducted with Achenbach's Child Behavior Check List(CBCL)and Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppforstran(EMBU)among 1 350 students at 4-6 grade in primary schools in Mudanjiang city. Results The prevalence of behavior problems in the students was 19.3% (20.3% in boys,18.6% in girls).The scores of somato-complaints,anxiety-depression,social intercourse problems,aggressive behavior,thinking problems, introversion behavior,and total behavior scores were 2.50±2.89,3.73±3.96,2.54±2.81,4.31±4.73,2.17±3.00, 8.34±8.15,and 22.03±20.07,respectively,in the students,which were higher than those of the norms.The results of correlation analysis showed that parents'warming attitudes were inversely related to the students'behavior problems (P<0.01),whereas,fathers'punishment,interpose,partialism,rejection,overprotection and mothers'over protection, rejection,punishment,partialism were positively related to the students'behavior problems(P<0.01).In stepw ise regression analysis,the personality characteristics of mother rejection(β=0.206),life events(β=0.195),relationship with parents(β=0.133),father overprotection(β=0.124),and only child family(β=0.083)were significantly associated with behavior problems in the students. Conclusion Familial environment factors have an important influence on the incident of children behavior problems and improving familial environment may play an important role to decrease the prevalence of behavior problems amang primary school students.